Izakhiwo kunye neenkqubo zemveliso yesikhumba sendalo, i-polyurethane (PU) i-microfiber synthetic yesikhumba kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) yesikhumba sokwenziwa yafaniswa, kwaye iipropati eziphathekayo zavavanywa, zithelekiswa kwaye zahlalutywa. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ngokubhekiselele kwi-mechanics, ukusebenza okubanzi kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba sokwenziwa ngcono kuneso sithwathwa sangempela kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa; ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kokugoba, ukusebenza kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba yokwenziwa kunye ne-PVC ye-synthetic yesikhumba iyafana, kwaye ukusebenza kokugoba kungcono kunokwesikhumba sokwenyani emva kokuguga kubushushu obumanzi, ubushushu obuphezulu, ukutshintshwa kwemozulu, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi; ngokwemiqathango yokunganyangeki, ukuguga kunye nokukrazula kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba sokwenziwa kunye ne-PVC ye-synthetic yesikhumba ingcono kuneyesikhumba sokwenyani; ngokumalunga nezinye iipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo, ukunyanzeliswa komphunga wamanzi kwesikhumba sokwenyani, iPU microfiber yesikhumba eyenziweyo kunye nePVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa iyancipha ngokulandelelana, kunye nokuzinza kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba sokwenziwa kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa emva kokuguga kwe-thermal kuyafana kwaye kungcono kunokwesikhumba sokwenyani.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yemoto yangaphakathi, amalaphu esitulo semoto achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amava okuqhuba komsebenzisi. Ithwathwa lendalo, i-polyurethane (PU) i-microfiber synthetic yesikhumba (emva koku kuthiwa yi-PU microfiber yesikhumba) kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) yesikhumba sokwenziwa zonke zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo izixhobo zokuhlala.
Isikhumba sendalo sinembali ende yokusetyenziswa kubomi bomntu. Ngenxa yeepropathi zekhemikhali kunye ne-triple helix structure ye-collagen ngokwayo, ineenzuzo zokuthamba, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, amandla aphezulu, ukufunxwa okuphezulu komswakama kunye nokungena kwamanzi. Isikhumba sendalo sisetyenziswa kakhulu kumalaphu esihlalo semifuziselo ephakathi ukuya phezulu kwishishini leemoto (ubukhulu becala i-cowhide), enokudibanisa ubunewunewu kunye nentuthuzelo.
Ngophuhliso lwentlalo yoluntu, ukunikezelwa kwesikhumba sendalo kunzima ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yabantu. Abantu baqalisa ukusebenzisa imichiza ekrwada kunye neendlela zokwenza izinto endaweni yofele lwendalo, oko kukuthi, ufele olwenziweyo. Ukufika kwe-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa kungalandelwa emva kwe-20 Kwiminyaka ye-1930, yayiyisizukulwana sokuqala seemveliso zesikhumba. Iimpawu zayo eziphathekayo zinamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nokunxiba, ukuxhathisa ukugoqa, ukuxhathisa kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkali, njl., kwaye yindleko ephantsi kwaye kulula ukuyiqhuba. Isikhumba se-PU microfiber saphuhliswa ngempumelelo kwiminyaka yoo-1970. Emva kwenkqubela phambili kunye nokuphuculwa kwezicelo zeteknoloji zanamhlanje, njengohlobo olutsha lwezinto zokwenziwa kwesikhumba ezenziweyo, sele isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiimpahla eziphezulu, ifenitshala, iibhola, iimoto zangaphakathi kunye nezinye iindawo. Iimpawu eziphathekayo ze-PU microfiber yesikhumba kukuba ilinganisa ngokwenene ubume bangaphakathi kunye nomgangatho wokuthungwa kwesikhumba sendalo, kwaye inokuqina okungcono kunesikhumba sokwenyani, inzuzo yeendleko eziphathekayo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo.
Inxalenye yovavanyo
PVC ngesikhumba eyenziweyo
Ubume bezinto zesikhumba zePVC zokwenziwa zihlulwe ikakhulu kuMphezulu wokugquma, umaleko oshinyeneyo wePVC, umaleko we-PVC we-foam, i-PVC enamathelayo kunye nelaphu lesiseko sepolyester (jonga uMfanekiso 1). Kwindlela yokukhutshwa kwephepha (indlela yokudlulisa i-coating), i-PVC slurry iqala ukuchithwa okokuqala ukwenza i-PVC dense layer (i-surface layer) kwiphepha lokukhululwa, kwaye ingena kwi-oven yokuqala ye-gel plasticization kunye nokupholisa; okwesibini, emva kokukhuhla okwesibini, i-PVC ye-foam layer yenziwa ngesiseko se-PVC eshinyeneyo, kwaye emva koko iplastiki kwaye ipholile kwi-oven yesibini; okwesithathu, emva kokukrala kwesithathu, i-PVC i-adhesive layer (i-bottom layer) yenziwe, kwaye idibaniswe kunye nesiseko, kwaye ingena kwi-oven yesithathu yeplastiki kunye ne-foaming; ekugqibeleni, ihlanjululwe kwiphepha lokukhululwa emva kokupholisa kunye nokwenza (jonga umfanekiso 2).
Isikhumba sendalo kunye ne-PU microfiber yesikhumba
Isakhiwo sezinto zesikhumba sendalo sibandakanya i-grain layer, i-fiber structure kunye ne-surface coating (jonga umfanekiso 3 (a)). Inkqubo yokuvelisa ukusuka kwesikhumba ekrwada ukuya kweyenziweyo ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulahlulwe ngokwezigaba ezithathu: ukulungisa, ukusukwa nokugqiba (jonga uMfanekiso 4). Injongo yokuqala yoyilo lwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba kukulinganisa ngokwenene isikhumba sendalo ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo sezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokubonakala kwembonakalo. Ubume bezinto eziphathekayo ze-PU microfiber yesikhumba ikakhulukazi ibandakanya i-PU layer, inxalenye yesiseko kunye nokugquma komhlaba (jonga uMzobo 3 (b)). Phakathi kwabo, inxalenye yesiseko isebenzisa ii-microfibers ezihlanganisiweyo ezinesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nokusebenza kwiifiber ze-collagen ezidibeneyo kwisikhumba sendalo. Ngonyango olukhethekileyo lwenkqubo, i-high-density-non-woven fabricated fabric kunye nesakhiwo sothungelwano se-dimensional-dimensional sidibaniswe ne-PU yokuzalisa izinto kunye nesakhiwo esivulekileyo se-microporous (jonga uMzobo 5).
Ukulungiselela isampuli
Iisampulu ziphuma kubaboneleli ngelaphu lezihlalo zemoto kwimarike yasekhaya. Iisampulu ezimbini zemathiriyeli nganye, isikhumba sangempela, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC ye-synthetic yesikhumba, zilungiswe ukusuka kubaxhasi be-6 abahlukeneyo. Iisampulu zibizwa ngethwathwa lokwenene 1 # kunye 2 #, PU microfiber ngethwathwa 1 # kunye 2 #, PVC ngesikhumba zokwenziwa 1 # kunye 2 #. Umbala weesampuli umnyama.
Uvavanyo kunye neempawu
Idityaniswe neemfuno zezicelo zezithuthi zezixhobo, ezi sampuli zingentla zifaniswa ngokweempawu zoomatshini, ukuchasana nokugoqa, ukumelana nokunxiba kunye nezinye izinto eziphathekayo. Izinto ezithile zovavanyo kunye neendlela ziboniswe kwiThebhile yoku-1.
Itheyibhile yoku-1 yovavanyo oluthile kunye neendlela zokuvavanya ukusebenza kwezinto
| Hayi. | Ukuhlelwa komsebenzi | Izinto zovavanyo | Igama lesixhobo | Indlela yokuvavanya |
| 1 | Iimpawu eziphambili zoomatshini | Amandla okuqina/ubude ngexesha lekhefu | Umatshini wokuvavanya iZwick | I-DIN EN ISO 13934-1 |
| Amandla okukrazula | Umatshini wokuvavanya iZwick | I-DIN EN ISO 3377-1 | ||
| Ubude obungatshintshiyo/utshintsho olusisigxina | Isibiyeli sokunqunyanyiswa, iintsimbi | PV 3909(50 N/30 imiz) | ||
| 2 | Ukumelana nokusonga | Uvavanyo lokusonga | Umhloli wesikhumba ukugoba | I-DIN EN ISO 5402-1 |
| 3 | Ukuxhathisa i-abrasion | Ukukhawuleza kombala kwingxabano | Umvavanyi wesikhumba sokukhuhlana | I-DIN EN ISO 11640 |
| Ukuqhawuka kwepleyiti yebhola | Martindale abrasion tester | VDA 230-211 | ||
| 4 | Ezinye izinto eziphathekayo | Ukufikeleleka kwamanzi | Umvavanyi wesikhumba wokufuma | I-DIN EN ISO 14268 |
| Ukubuyiswa komlilo othe tyaba | Isixhobo sokulinganisa idangatye esithe tye | TL. 1010 | ||
| Uzinzo lweDimensional (isantya sokushwabana) | I-oven yokushisa okuphezulu, igumbi lokutshintsha kwemozulu, irula | - | ||
| Ukukhutshwa kwevumba | I-oven yobushushu obuphezulu, isixhobo sokuqokelela ivumba | VW50180 |
Uhlalutyo kunye nengxoxo
Iimpawu zoomatshini
Itheyibhile 2 ibonisa idatha yovavanyo lweepropathi zemishini yesikhumba sokwenyani, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa, apho i-L imele ulwalathiso lwe-warp kwaye i-T imele isikhokelo se-weft. Inokubonwa kwiThebhile yesi-2 ukuba ngokubhekiselele kumandla okuqina kunye nokunyuka ngexesha lokuphumla, amandla okuqina kwesikhumba sendalo kuzo zombini i-warp kunye ne-weft directions iphezulu kune-PU yesikhumba se-microfiber, ebonisa amandla angcono, ngelixa ukunyuswa kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba kukhulu kwaye ukuqina kungcono; ngelixa amandla okuqina kunye nobude ngexesha lokwaphuka kwesikhumba sokwenziwa kwePVC zombini zisezantsi kunezo zezinye izinto ezimbini. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-static elongation kunye noguquko olusisigxina, ukomelela kwesikhumba sendalo kuphezulu kunoko kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba, kubonisa amandla angcono, ngelixa i-elongation ngexesha lokuphumla kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba inkulu kwaye ukuqina kungcono. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-deformation, i-deformation esisigxina ye-PU yesikhumba ye-microfiber yeyona incinci kuzo zombini i-warp kunye ne-weft directions (umndilili oqhelekileyo wokuguqulwa kwesigxina kwi-warp direction yi-0.5%, kunye ne-avareji ye-deformation esisigxina kwi-weft direction yi-2.75%), ebonisa ukuba izinto ezinomsebenzi wokubuyisela emva koluliwe, ongcono kune-PVC yesikhumba kunye ne-synthetic yesikhumba. Ubude obungatshintshiyo bubhekiselele kwiqondo lokuguqulwa kobude bezinto eziphantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwesigqubuthelo sesitulo. Akukho mfuneko ecacileyo kumgangatho kwaye isetyenziswa kuphela njengexabiso lereferensi. Ngokubhekiselele kumandla okukrazula, amaxabiso eesampulu zezinto ezintathu ziyafana kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.
Itheyibhile 2 iziphumo zovavanyo lweempawu zeMechanical zesikhumba sokwenyani, iPU microfiber yesikhumba kunye nePVC eyenziwe ngesikhumba
| Isampulu | Amandla okuqina/MPa | Ukwandiswa ngexesha lekhefu/% | Ubude obuzinzileyo/% | ukuguqulwa okusisigxina/% | Amandla okukrazula/N | |||||
| L | T | L | T | L | T | L | T | L | T | |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 1# | 17.7 | 16.6 | 54.4 | 50.7 | 19.0 | 11.3 | 5.3 | 3.0 | 50 | 52.4 |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 2# | 15.5 | 15.0 | 58.4 | 58.9 | 19.2 | 12.7 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 33.7 | 34.1 |
| Umgangatho wesikhumba wokwenyani | ≥9.3 | ≥9.3 | ≥30.0 | ≥40.0 | ≤3.0 | ≤4.0 | ≥25.0 | ≥25.0 | ||
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 1# | 15.0 | 13.0 | 81.4 | 120.0 | 6.3 | 21.0 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 49.7 | 47.6 |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 2# | 12.9 | 11.4 | 61.7 | 111.5 | 7.5 | 22.5 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 67.8 | 66.4 |
| PU Microfiber umgangatho wesikhumba | ≥9.3 | ≥9.3 | ≥30.0 | ≥40.0 | ≤3.0 | ≤4.0 | ≥40.0 | ≥40.0 | ||
| PVC ngesikhumba zokwenziwa I# | 7.4 | 5.9 | 120.0 | 130.5 | 16.8 | 38.3 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 62.5 | 35.3 |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 2# | 7.9 | 5.7 | 122.4 | 129.5 | 22.5 | 52.0 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 41.7 | 33.2 |
| umgangatho wesikhumba wePVC | ≥3.6 | ≥3.6 | ≤3.0 | ≤6.0 | ≥30.0 | ≥25.0 | ||||
Ngokubanzi, iisampulu zesikhumba ze-PU microfiber zinamandla okuqina, ubude ngexesha lekhefu, ukuguqulwa okusisigxina kunye nokukrazula amandla, kunye neempawu zoomatshini ezibanzi zingcono kunezo zesikhumba zokwenyani kunye neesampulu zokwenziwa ze-PVC.
Ukumelana nokusonga
Amazwe eesampulu zovavanyo lokumelana nokusonga ahlulwe ngokukodwa abe ziindidi ezi-6, ezizezi, imeko yokuqala (ilizwe elingagugiyo), imeko yobushushu obumanzi, imo yobushushu obuphantsi (-10 ℃), imeko yokuguga yokukhanya kwexenon (PV1303/3P), imeko yokuguga ephezulu (100 ℃/168h) kunye nemo yemozulu eguqukayo (PV20P0). Indlela yokugoba kukusebenzisa isixhobo sokugoba ngesikhumba ukulungisa iziphelo ezimbini zesampulu yoxande kwindlela yobude kwi-clamps ephezulu nangaphantsi yesixhobo, ukuze isampuli ibe yi-90 °, kwaye iguqa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwisantya esithile kunye ne-angle. Iziphumo zokuvavanya ukusebenza kokugoqa kwesikhumba sangempela, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC ye-synthetic yesikhumba iboniswe kwiThebhile 3. Ingabonwa kwiThebhile 3 ukuba isikhumba sangempela, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli ze-PVC zesikhumba zokwenziwa zonke zihlanganiswe emva kwe-100,000 ngamaxesha kwindawo yokuqala ye-xenon ye-100 kunye ne-100 ye-100 yokukhanya. Inokugcina imeko elungileyo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukuxinezeleka mhlophe. Kwezinye iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuguga, ezizezi, imeko yobushushu obumanzi, ukuguga okuphezulu, kunye nemo yemozulu egugayo yePU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa, iisampulu zinokumelana neemvavanyo ezingama-30,000 zokugoba. Emva kwe-7,500 ukuya kwi-8,500 yovavanyo lokugoba, ukuqhekeka okanye ukuqaqamba koxinzelelo lwaqala ukuvela kwimeko yobushushu obumanzi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu besampulu zolusu lokwenyani, kunye nobukhulu bokuguga kobushushu obumanzi (168h / 70 ℃/75%) bungaphantsi kwesikhumba sePU microfiber. Isikhumba seFayibha kunye ne-PVC eyenziwe ngesikhumba (240h/90℃/95%). Ngokufanayo, emva kovavanyo lokugoba lwe-14,000 ~ 15,000, iintanda okanye uxinzelelo olumhlophe luvela kwimeko yesikhumba emva kokuguga kokutshintsha kwemozulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukugoba kwesikhumba kuxhomekeke ikakhulu kumaleko wendalo okuziinkozo kunye nolwakhiwo lwefayibha yesikhumba sokuqala, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo akulunganga njengaleyo yemathiriyeli eyenziwe ngemichiza. Ngokuhambelanayo, iimfuno ezisemgangathweni zesikhumba nazo ziphantsi. Oku kubonisa ukuba imathiriyeli yesikhumba "ethe-ethe" ngakumbi kwaye abasebenzisi kufuneka balumke ngakumbi okanye banikele ingqalelo kulondolozo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Itheyibhile 3 iziphumo zovavanyo lokusonga ukusebenza kwesikhumba sokwenyani, iPU microfiber yesikhumba kunye nePVC eyenziwe ngesikhumba
| Isampulu | Imeko yokuqala | Ukuguga kobushushu obumanzi | Imeko yobushushu obuphantsi | Xenon ukukhanya ukuguga isimo | Ubushushu obuphezulu bemeko yokuguga | Ukuguga kokutshintsha kwemozulu |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 1# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 8 000 amaxesha, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-32 000, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-7500, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe | Amaxesha angama-15 000, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 2# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 8 500 amaxesha, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-32 000, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-8000, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe | Amaxesha angama-4000, iintanda zaqala ukubonakala, akukho xinzelelo lumhlophe |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 1# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-35 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 2# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-35 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 1# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-35 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 2# | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-35 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe |
| Iimfuno ezisemgangathweni zesikhumba | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 5 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Akukho mfuneko | Akukho mfuneko |
| Iimfuno zesikhumba ze-PU microfiber | Amaxesha angama-100,000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 amaxesha, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-10 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinzelelo lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe | Amaxesha angama-30 000, akukho zintanda okanye uxinezeleko lube mhlophe |
Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kokusonga kwesikhumba, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli ze-PVC zokwenziwa zilungile kwimeko yokuqala kunye ne-xenon light aging state. Kwimeko yokuguga kobushushu obumanzi, iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi, ubushushu obuphezulu bokuguga kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu ukuguga, ukusebenza kokusonga kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa kuyafana, okungcono kunokwethwathwa.
Ukuxhathisa i-abrasion
Uvavanyo lokumelana ne-abrasion lubandakanya uvavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala kunye novavanyo lwe-ball plate abrasion. Iziphumo zovavanyo lokumelana nokunxitywa kwesikhumba, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC ye-synthetic iboniswe kwiThebhile 4. Iziphumo zovavanyo lokukhawuleza kombala we-friction zibonisa ukuba isikhumba, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli zesikhumba zePVC zikwisimo sokuqala, i-deionized state efakwe emanzini, i-alkaline sweating ifakwe kwisimo se-alkaline, i-alkaline sweat ifakwe kwisimo esithambileyo, kwaye xa i-alkaline ikhukulisa i-alkaline, i-alkaline i-sweat ifakwe kwi-l9, kwaye xa i-alkaline i-sweat, i-alkaline i-sweat, i-alkaline i-sweat ethated state. zigcinwe ngaphezu kwe-4.0, kwaye umbala wombala wesampuli uzinzile kwaye awuyi kuphelelwa ngenxa yokungqubuzana komhlaba. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-abrasion ye-ball plate abrasion zibonisa ukuba emva kwe-1800-1900 amaxesha okunxiba, isampuli yesikhumba inemingxuma eyi-10 eyonakalisiweyo, eyahluke kakhulu ekuxhathiseni kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli zesikhumba zePVC (zombini azikho imingxuma eyonakalisiweyo emva kwe-19,000 amaxesha okugqoka). Isizathu semingxuma eyonakalisiweyo kukuba i-grain layer yesikhumba yonakaliswa emva kokugqoka, kwaye ukuxhathisa kwayo kuhluke kakhulu kwizinto zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali. Ke ngoko, ukuxhathisa okubuthathaka kwesikhumba kufuna ukuba abasebenzisi banikele ingqalelo ekugcinweni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
| Itheyibhile 4 Iziphumo zovavanyo lokunganyangeki kwesikhumba sokwenyani, iPU microfiber yesikhumba kunye nePVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo. | |||||
| Iisampulu | Ukukhawuleza kombala kwingxabano | Ukunxitywa kwepleyiti yebhola | |||
| Imeko yokuqala | Amanzi adiyiniweyo afakwe imo | Umbilo wealkaline umanzi te | I-96% ye-ethanol emanzi | Imeko yokuqala | |
| (2000 amaxesha ukungqubana) | (500 amaxesha ukungqubana) | (100 amaxesha ukukhuhlana) | (5 amaxesha ukukhuhlana) | ||
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 1# | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | Malunga 1900 amaxesha 11 imingxuma eyonakeleyo |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Malunga 1800 amaxesha 9 imingxuma eyonakeleyo |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 1# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 19 000 amaxesha Akukho mingxunya yonakeleyo kumphezulu |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Amaxesha angama-19 000 ngaphandle kwemingxunya yomonakalo ongaphezulu |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 1# | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | Amaxesha angama-19 000 ngaphandle kwemingxunya yomonakalo ongaphezulu |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Amaxesha angama-19 000 ngaphandle kwemingxunya yomonakalo ongaphezulu |
| Iimfuno ezisemgangathweni zesikhumba | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.0 | Amaxesha angama-1500 okunxiba kunye nokukrazula Akukho ngaphezu kwemingxuma emi-4 yomonakalo |
| Iimfuno zomgangatho wesikhumba zokwenziwa | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.0 | Amaxesha angama-19000 okunxiba kunye nokukrazula Akukho ngaphezu kwemingxuma emi-4 yomonakalo |
Ngokubanzi, ulusu lokwenyani, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampulu zokwenziwa zePVC zonke zinombala okhawulezayo we-friction, kunye ne-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yokwenziwa yesikhumba inokumelana nokukrazula okungcono kunesikhumba sokwenyani, esinokuthi sithintele ngokufanelekileyo ukuguga nokukrazuka.
Ezinye izinto eziphathekayo
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokungena kwamanzi, ukubuyiswa komlilo othe tyaba, ukucutheka kobukhulu kunye nenqanaba levumba lesikhumba sokwenyani, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli zesikhumba ezenziwe ngePVC ziboniswe kwiThebhile 5.
| Itheyibhile 5 Iziphumo zovavanyo lwezinye iipropathi zezinto zesikhumba sokwenyani, iPU microfiber yesikhumba kunye nePVC eyenziwe ngesikhumba | ||||
| Isampulu | Ukungena kwamanzi/(mg/10cm² · 24h) | Ukurhoxa kwedangatye elithe tye/(mm/min) | Ukuncipha komda kwi-%(120℃/168 h) | Inqanaba levumba |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 1# | 3.0 | Ukungatsha | 3.4 | 3.7 |
| Ithwathwa lokwenyani 2# | 3.1 | Ukungatsha | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 1# | 1.5 | Ukungatsha | 0.3 | 3.7 |
| PU microfiber ngesikhumba 2# | 1.7 | Ukungatsha | 0.5 | 3.7 |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 1# | Ayivavanywa | Ukungatsha | 0.2 | 3.7 |
| PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo 2# | Ayivavanywa | Ukungatsha | 0.4 | 3.7 |
| Iimfuno ezisemgangathweni zesikhumba | ≥1.0 | ≤100 | ≤5 | ≤3.7 (ukutenxa kwamkelekile) |
| Iimfuno zesikhumba ze-PU microfiber | Akukho mfuneko | ≤100 | ≤2 | ≤3.7 (ukutenxa kwamkelekile) |
| Iimfuno eziqhelekileyo zesikhumba zePVC | Akukho mfuneko | ≤100 | Akukho mfuneko | ≤3.7 (ukutenxa kwamkelekile) |
Iintlukwano eziphambili kwiinkcukacha zovavanyo ziyakwazi ukunyanzeliswa kwamanzi kunye nokuncipha kwe-dimensional. Ukungena kwamanzi kwesikhumba phantse kuphindwe kabini kune-PU microfiber yesikhumba, ngelixa i-PVC eyenziwe ngesikhumba iphantse ingabinamanzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-skeleton yenethiwekhi ene-dimensional-dimensional network (ilaphu elingalukwanga) kwi-PU microfiber yesikhumba iyafana ne-bundle yendalo ye-collagen fiber structure yesikhumba, zombini zinezakhiwo ezincinci, zenza zombini zibe nokungena kwamanzi athile. Ngaphaya koko, indawo enqamlezileyo ye-collagen fibers kwisikhumba inkulu kwaye isasazwe ngokulinganayo, kwaye indawo encinci ye-microporous inkulu kunaleyo ye-PU yesikhumba ye-microfiber, ngoko ke isikhumba sinokungena kwamanzi. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-dimensional shrinkage, emva kokuguga kobushushu (120 ℃/1 Amazinga okuncipha kwe-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye neesampuli zesikhumba ezenziwe ngePVC emva kokuguga kobushushu (68h) ziyafana kwaye zisezantsi kakhulu kunokwethwathwa lokwenyani, kwaye uzinzo lwazo lungcono kunelo lokwenyani, inqanaba lesikhumba sokwenyani kunye neziphumo zesikhumba se-horizontal. bonisa ukuba isikhumba sangempela, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC iisampuli zesikhumba zokwenziwa zinokufikelela kumanqanaba afanayo, kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemigangatho yempahla ngokwemiqathango yokutshatyalaliswa komlilo kunye nokusebenza kwevumba.
Ngokubanzi, ukufikeleleka komphunga wamanzi kwesikhumba sokwenyani, i-PU microfiber yethwathwa kunye neesampulu zokwenziwa zePVC zokwenziwa ziyancipha ngokulandelelana. Amazinga okucutheka (ukuzinza kwe-dimensional) ye-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa emva kokuguga kobushushu ziyafana kwaye zingcono kunesikhumba sokwenyani, kwaye ukubuyiswa komlilo othe tyaba kungcono kunokwethwathwa lokwenyani. Iimpawu zokutshisa kunye nevumba ziyafana.
Ukuqukumbela
Isakhiwo esinqamlezayo se-PU microfiber yesikhumba sifana neso sikhumba sendalo. Uluhlu lwe-PU kunye nesiseko se-PU yesikhumba se-microfiber sihambelana ne-grain layer kunye ne-fiber tissue inxalenye yokugqibela. Izakhiwo zemathiriyeli zomaleko oshinyeneyo, umaleko onamagwebu, umaleko wokuncamathelisa kunye nesiseko selaphu le-PU microfiber yesikhumba kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa ngokucacileyo zahlukile.
Inzuzo yempahla yesikhumba yendalo kukuba ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini (amandla okuqina ≥15MPa, elongation at break>50%) kunye nokungena kwamanzi. Inzuzo yempahla ye-PVC yesikhumba yokwenziwa kukunganyangeki (akukho monakalo emva kwexesha le-19,000 lebhodi lebhodi lebhola), kwaye lichasene neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo. Amalungu anokuqina okuhle (kubandakanya ukumelana nokufuma nobushushu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi, kunye nemozulu etshintshanayo) kunye nokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional (i-dimensional shrinkage <5% phantsi kwe-120℃/168h). Ulusu lwe-PU microfiber lunezinto eziluncedo zesikhumba sokwenyani kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa. Iziphumo zovavanyo lweempawu zoomatshini, ukusebenza kokusonga, ukumelana nokunxiba, ukurhawuzelelwa komlilo othe tyaba, ukuzinza kobubanzi, inqanaba levumba, njl.njl. linokufikelela kwelona nqanaba lilungileyo lesikhumba sokwenyani sendalo kunye nesikhumba sokwenziwa kwePVC, kwaye kwangaxeshanye banokungena kwamanzi athile. Ke ngoko, i-PU microfiber yesikhumba inokuhlangabezana ngcono neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwezihlalo zeemoto kwaye inethemba elibanzi lesicelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-19-2024
