Isikhumba esekwe kwi-Bio kunye nesikhumba se-vegan zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kukho ukugqithelana:
Isikhumba esisekwe kwi-Bio
ibhekisela kwisikhumba esenziwe ngezinto zendalo ezifana nezityalo kunye neziqhamo (umzekelo, umbona, ipayinapile, kunye namakhowa), kugxininisa imvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo. Olu hlobo lwesikhumba ngokuqhelekileyo ludibana nemigangatho yezinto ezisekelwe kwi-bio-based (i-bio-based content edlula i-25%), inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngexesha lemveliso, kwaye ihambelana nokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zemveli okanye izongezo ezisekelwe kwizilwanyana zisenokusetyenziswa ngexesha lemveliso.
Isikhumba seVegan
ibhekisa ngokukodwa kwezinye izinto zesikhumba ezingenazo zithako zezilwanyana, kubandakanywa izinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo, ezisekelwe kumngundo (umz., i-mushroom-based), okanye imathiriyeli eyenziweyo. Iimpawu eziphambili kukuba akukho zilwanyana zibandakanyekayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso kwaye akukho vavanyo lwezilwanyana lwenziwayo. Umzekelo, i-apile yesikhumba kunye ne-grape yesikhumba iwela phantsi kodidi lwe-vegan.
Inkcazo yobudlelwane: Isikhumba seVegan sihlala sisekwe kwi-bio-based Isikhumba (ngenxa yesityalo sayo / imvelaphi yefungal), kodwa ufele olusekelwe kwi-bio aluyiyo Isikhumba se-vegan (inokuthi iqulethe izithako zezilwanyana). Umzekelo, iinkqubo zesiNtu zokutshisa zinokusebenzisa izinto eziphuma kwizilwanyana. Ezinye izithwathwa ezisekwe kwibhayoloji zisenokuqulatha izithako zezilwanyana (umzekelo, iiplastiki zephosphine), ngelixa ufele lwe vegan kufuneka lungabinamithombo yezilwanyana ngokupheleleyo.
I. Inkcazo ye-Bio-Based Vegan Leather
Isikhumba se-vegan esekwe kwi-Bio sibhekisa kwezinye iindlela zofele ezenziwe ngemathiriyeli ekrwada yebhayoloji efana nezityalo, umngundo, okanye iimicroorganisms. Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwayo igwema ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana zezilwanyana kunye nezixhobo zokwenziwa kwepetrochemical (ezifana ne-polyurethane (PU) kunye ne-PVC). Iinzuzo zayo ezingundoqo ngaphezu kwesikhumba semveli ziquka:
1. Ubuhlobo bendalo: Inkqubo yokuvelisa inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni malunga ne-80% (umthombo wedatha: isifundo se-Nature Materials ngo-2022) kwaye i-biodegradable.
2. Uzinzo lwezibonelelo: Imathiriyeli ekrwada ubukhulu becala yinkunkuma yezolimo (efana namagqabi ephayinapile kunye ne-apple pomace) okanye izixhobo ezivuselelwa ngokukhawuleza (ezifana ne-mycelium).
3. Iipropati ezenziwe ngokwezifiso: Ngokuhlengahlengisa inkqubo, inokulinganisa ukuthungwa, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi kwesikhumba sokwenyani. II. Amanyathelo aphambili kwiNkqubo yeMveliso
1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezikrwada
- I-Plant Fiber Extraction: Umzekelo, i-pineapple leaf fiber (i-Piñatex) idlula i-degumming kunye nokudibanisa ukwenza isiseko se-mesh-like material.
- Ukulinywa kweMycelium: Umzekelo, ufele lwekhowa (Mycelium Leather) lufuna ukuvubela iiveki ezi-2-3 kwindawo elawulwayo yobushushu kunye nokufuma ukuze zenze inwebu exineneyo yemycelium.
2. Ukubumba kunye nokuLungiswa
- Ukucinezela: Izinto eziluhlaza zixutywe kunye ne-binder yendalo (efana ne-algin) kwaye zenziwe ngokucinezela ukushisa (ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-80-120 ° C).
- Unyango lomphezulu: I-polyurethane esekelwe kwisityalo okanye i-wax isetyenziselwa ukunyusa ukuqina. Ezinye iinkqubo zikwabandakanya ukongezwa kwedayi zendalo (ezifana ne-indigo) zombala.
3. Ukugqiba
- Ukukrolwa kweTexture: I-Laser okanye ubuchule bokubumba umngundo busetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuthungwa kwesikhumba sesilwanyana.
- Uvavanyo lokuSebenza: Oku kubandakanya ukuvavanywa kwamandla e-tensile (ukuya kwi-15-20 MPa, efana nesikhumba senkomo) kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-abrasion.
I-Bio-based PU luhlobo olutsha lwezixhobo ze-polyurethane ezenziwe kwi-bioresources evuselelekayo, njengeoli yezityalo kunye nesitashi. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PU ye-petroleum-based yemveli, i-bio-based PU ihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye izinzile. Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwayo ineempembelelo ezisezantsi zokusingqongileyo kwaye i-biodegradable, inceda ekunciphiseni ukungcoliseka kwendalo.
Isikhumba esekwe kwi-Bio senziwe ngezinto zesikhumba ezivuselelekayo okanye iifayibha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikhuseleke ngakumbi kwendalo kwaye igcineke. Ufele olusekelwe kwindalo lubhekisa kwisikhumba esenziwe ngendalo, iintsinga ezivuselelekayo okanye imathiriyeli, efana nomqhaphu, ilinen, i-bamboo, umthi, amaxolo entlanzi, amathambo eenkomo, kunye namathambo ehagu. Isikhumba esisekelwe kwi-bio siyahlaziywa kwaye sihambelana nokusingqongileyo, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwizilwanyana eziphakamisa iinwele kunye negalelo kumalungelo ezilwanyana. Xa kuthelekiswa nofele lwesintu, ufele olusekwe kwibhayoloji lucocekile ngakumbi, alunatyhefu, kwaye lunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Inokusetyenziswa ngokulula njengendawo yofele lwemveli, ukunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zokugqibela. Esi sikhumba esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo sikwathintela ukutshisa kwelanga kwaye sigcina ixesha elide, nto leyo eyenza ibe yinto ethandwayo.
Isikhumba esekwe kwi-Bio: Ukhetho olutsha lwefashoni eluhlaza!
Ufele olusekwe kwindalo, ufele oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo olwenziwe kwimithombo evuselelekayo, lisebenzisa iintsinga zezityalo kunye neteknoloji yokuvundiswa kwemicrobial ukuguqula imicu yezityalo ibe yenye indlela yofele.
Xa kuthelekiswa nofele lwesintu, ufele olusekwe kwibhayoloji lubonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo. Okokuqala, kuphelisa imfuno yezikhumba zezilwanyana, ngaloo ndlela ukuphepha ukulimaza izilwanyana kunye nokulungelelanisa nemigaqo yokukhusela izilwanyana. Okwesibini, inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa idla amanzi amancinci, inciphisa inkunkuma yamanzi. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, i-bio-based isikhumba inciphisa ngokufanelekileyo inkunkuma yeekhemikhali, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo.
Ukukhuthazwa kwesikhumba esekwe kwizinto eziphilayo akuncedi nje kuphela ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kodwa kukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini lefashoni.
Ukudityaniswa kwe-PU esekwe kwibhayoloji kunye nesikhumba kubonelela ngesixhobo esitsha esingagcini nje ngokugcinakala kokusingqongileyo kodwa sikwabonelela nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. Ngeli xesha lilawulwa yiplastiki, ukuvela kwe-PU ye-bio-based ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuzise umoya omtsha kwishishini lesikhumba.
I-Bio-based PU yimathiriyeli yeplastiki eyenziwe kwi-biomass ngothotho lweekhemikhali. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PU yemveli, inokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni esezantsi kunye nokubola okuphezulu kwe-biodegradability. Isikhumba, kwelinye icala, siyinto yendabuko ecutshungulwa ngamanyathelo amaninzi kwaye ibonakaliswe yindalo yayo, ehlala ixesha elide, kunye neempawu eziphezulu. Ukudibanisa kwe-PU ye-bio-based kunye nesikhumba idibanisa izibonelelo zesikhumba kunye neempawu zeplastiki, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nesikhumba, i-PU esekwe kwibhayoloji ibonelela ngokuphefumla okuphuculweyo kunye nokuthamba. I-PU eqhelekileyo inemiba ethile yokuphefumla, kodwa i-bio-based PU iphucula ukuphefumla ngokuhlengahlengisa ubume bayo bezinto eziphathekayo, ivumela ulusu ukuba luphefumle kwaye luphelise imvakalelo exineneyo. Ngaphaya koko, ukuthamba okuphuculweyo kwe-bio-based PU kwenza ukuba ulusu lulingane kakuhle, lusenza kube lula ukunxiba.
Indibaniselwano ye-bio-based PU kunye nesikhumba ikwabonelela ngokuphucuka kokumelana nokunxiba kunye nokuqina. I-PU eqhelekileyo ithanda ukunxiba kunye nokuguga ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa i-PU esekwe kwi-bio iphucula ukuxhathisa kwayo kunye nokuqina ngokuphucula ubume bayo bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokongeza izithako ezikhethekileyo, okwenza ulusu lube lomelele ngakumbi kwaye lwandise ubomi balo.
Indibaniselwano ye-bio-based PU kunye nesikhumba ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo zokusingqongileyo kunye nezizinzileyo. I-PU eqhelekileyo yenziwe kwi-petroleum, ngelixa i-PU ye-bio-based yenziwe kwi-biomass, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo ye-petroleum kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Ngaphaya koko, i-bio-based PU ithotywa ngokukhawuleza emva kokulahlwa, inciphisa ifuthe layo lokusingqongileyo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zangoku zophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokubanzi, indibaniselwano ye-bio-based PU kunye nethwathwa yinzame entsha, ukudibanisa iingenelo zesikhumba semveli kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji kunye nokukhula kolwazi lokusingqongileyo, sikholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-PU esekwe kwindalo kunye nesikhumba kuya kusasazeka ngokubanzi, kusizisela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye namava okuphila angcono. Masijonge phambili kwikamva eliqaqambileyo le-bio-based PU kunye nesikhumba!
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwesikhumba esekwe kwi-bio kunye nesikhumba se-vegan ulele kumthombo wezinto ezikrwada kunye nenkqubo yemveliso:
Isikhumba esekwe kwizinto eziphilayo senziwe ngemicu yezityalo (efana neflakisi kunye ne-bamboo fiber) okanye i-microbial synthesis. Ezinye iimveliso zinokufikelela kwi-30% -50% yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kodwa ixabiso elincinci lezinto eziphuma kwizilwanyana (ezifana neglue kunye nedayi) zisenokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
Ufele lweVegan alunazithako zezilwanyana ngokupheleleyo kwaye luthobela imigaqo ye-vegan kuyo yonke inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa, kubandakanya ukufunyanwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukusetyenzwa, kunye novavanyo, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana. Umzekelo, i-apile leather yenziwe nge-fruit pomace, ngelixa i-pomace leather yomdiliya yenziwe ngenkunkuma yokwenza iwayini. ...
Uthelekiso lweNtsebenzo
Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo, ufele olusekwe kwibhayoloji lunokufezekisa ukuthungwa okufana nesikhumba sokwenyani. Nangona kunjalo, iipropati zendalo zezinye izinto (ezifana nesikhumba se-cork) zinciphisa ukuxhathisa kwazo. Ngenxa yomahluko kwiipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo, isikhumba se-vegan sinokuziva sisondele kwisikhumba sokwenyani kwezinye iimveliso. Umzekelo, ukuthamba kwesikhumba se-Apple kufana nokwesikhumba semveli.
Usetyenziso
Isikhumba esisekwe kwi-Bio sisetyenziswa ikakhulu ngaphakathi kweemoto (ezifana nezihlalo zeBMW) kunye nemithwalo. Isikhumba seVegan siqhele ukufunyanwa kwizinto zefashoni ezifana nezihlangu kunye neebhegi. Iimveliso ezifana neGucci kunye ne-Adidas sele ziqalise imigca yeemveliso ezinxulumeneyo. ...
I. Ukuzinza kwe-Bio-Based Leather
Ukuxhathisa i-Abrasion:
Ulusu olunyangwa ngokukodwa lwebio-based lubonisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kwe-abrasion, ekwaziyo ukumelana namawaka eemvavanyo ze-abrasion.
Ulusu oluthile lwemoto olusekwe kwi-bio-based microfiber luphumelele iimvavanyo ze-abrasion ezingama-50,000 kwaye lucwangciselwe ukusetyenziswa kwizihlalo ze-MPVs ezingama-2026.
Ngaphantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, inokumelana namawaka emijikelezo ye-abrasion, ukuhlangabezana nokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo zokuqhafaza.
Ubomi beNkonzo:
Ezinye iimveliso zingahlala ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
Nangona kunjalo, izinga lesivuno liphantsi (70-80%), kwaye uzinzo lwekhwalithi yemveliso luhluphekile.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo:
Inokumelana nemozulu entle, kodwa iimeko ezingqongileyo ezigqithisileyo (amaqondo obushushu aphezulu/aphantsi/ukufuma) zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo. Ihlala ithambile kwaye igcina imilo yayo nakwimimandla yobushushu obuphezulu.
II. Ukuqina kwesikhumba seVegan
Ukuxhathisa i-Abrasion:
Ezinye iiMveliso ezinje ngesikhumba se-microfiber vegan zinokufikelela ukuxhathisa okufanayo kwesikhumba njengesikhumba sokwenyani. Banikezela ngokuphefumla okugqwesileyo kunye nokuxhathisa i-abrasion. Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso eziqulathe amacandelo e-PU/PVC zinokufumana imiba yokuqina ngenxa yokuguga kweplastiki.
Ubomi Benkonzo: Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwemathiriyeli: Izinto ezenziwe ngokhokho zinokuhlala iminyaka engama-200. Izinto ezintsha ezifana nesikhumba se-mycelium zifuna umjikelezo wophuhliso lweminyaka emi-3-4, kwaye ukuqina kwazo kusephantsi kovavanyo.
Unyino: Uninzi lwezikhumba ze vegan zineeplastiki ezingaboliyo njenge polyurethane (PU) kunye nepolyvinyl chloride (PVC). Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha alukavuthwa, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufezekisa imbuyekezo elinganayo kutyalo-mali. Isikhumba seVegan kwimarike sihlala sinxulunyaniswa ngamandla nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nozinzo, kodwa eneneni, uninzi lwesikhumba se-vegan sineeplastiki ezingaboliyo njenge-polyurethane (PU) kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ngaphaya koko, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yesikhumba se-vegan lusakhula. Enyanisweni, ufele lwe-vegan luwela kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili: i-PU/PVC yesikhumba seplastiki, umxube weplastiki kunye nezityalo / umngundo, kunye nesikhumba esicocekileyo sesityalo / sokungunda. Inye kuphela icandelo elingenaplastiki ngokwenyani kunye ne-eco-friendly. Okwangoku, iimveliso kwimarike, njengePiñatex, iDesserto, iApple Skin, kunye neMylo, ubukhulu becala ziyingxubevange yezityalo/umngundo kunye neplastiki. Uphawu oluchazayo lwesikhumba seVegan bubume bayo obungenankohlakalo. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kweefowuni ezikhulayo zokuzinza, izithako zesityalo / i-fungi kwisikhumba se-vegan zibonakaliswe kwaye zandiswa, zifihla ubukho beplastiki. U-Liu Pengzi, iYunivesithi yaseYale PhD kwiSayensi yeZibonelelo osebenza kwifemu yokubonisana, naye waphawula kudliwanondlebe neJing Daily ukuba "abenzi abaninzi besikhumba se-vegan kunye neempawu bagxininisa ubume bendalo kunye nokugcinwa kwemveliso yabo kwintengiso yabo."
Ekukhuthazeni inguqu ezinzileyo ngesikhumba se-vegan, iibrendi zibeka phambili amabali amnandi. Nangona kunjalo, izicwangciso zokuthengisa ezinciphisa imiba ephambili zinokuba ngumngcipheko omkhulu, ezinokukhokelela kwizityholo "zokuhlamba eluhlaza." Abathengi kufuneka balumkele umgibe wegama elithi "vegan." Loo mabali amnandi namnandi asenokuba neplastiki.
Xa kuthelekiswa nofele lweplastiki olusulungekileyo kunye nezikhumba zezilwanyana, isikhumba se-vegan, nangona sinokuba neplastiki, sihlala sizinzileyo. Ingxelo ye-Kering ye-2018 yokuzinza, "Iinzuzo zeNdalo kunye noLahleko," ibonisa ukuba impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yemveliso yesikhumba se-vegan inokuba yinto yesithathu ngaphantsi kwesikhumba sokwenyani. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzinza kokuziphatha kwabathengi okuqhutywa ziimveliso zesikhumba ze-vegan kuhlala kuxoxwa.
Isikhumba seVegan sisixhobo esenziwe kwimveliso eyenziweyo okanye esekwe kwisityalo esilinganisa ukuvakalelwa kunye nokubonakala kwesikhumba sangempela, kodwa ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana kwimveliso yayo. Yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngemveliso eyenziweyo okanye esekwe kwizityalo ejolise ekuthatheni indawo yesikhumba sokwenyani. Inkangeleko, imvakalelo, kunye neempawu zezi zinto zifana kakhulu nesikhumba sokwenyani, kodwa umahluko ophambili kukuba ziveliswa ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana kwinkqubo yokuxhela.
Isikhumba seVegan siza ngokwezintlu ezimbini: zokwenziwa kunye nezendalo, ezifana ne-polyurethane (PU), iPVC, amagqabi ephayinaphu, kunye nesikhokho. Isikhumba seVegan siwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: isikhumba sokwenziwa, njenge-polyurethane (PU) kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC); kunye nezinto zendalo, ezinjengamagqabi ephayinapile, isikhokho, ixolo leapile, neplastiki esetyenzisiweyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nesikhumba sokwenyani, ufele lwe-vegan alufuni kuxhelwa kwesilwanyana, lusenza ukuba silunge ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo kunye nezilwanyana, ngelixa sisebenzisa iikhemikhali ezinobungozi ezimbalwa ngexesha lemveliso. Okokuqala, iyahambelana nezilwanyana, njengoko kungekho zilwanyana zibulawayo ngexesha lemveliso. Okwesibini, uninzi lwezikhumba ze-vegan zizinzileyo kwaye zilungele i-eco, nangona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezinye, ezinje nge-PU kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba, zinokungafikeleli kulo mgangatho. Ngaphaya koko, ulusu lwe-vegan luyakwazi ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwaye lunokusikwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokweenkcukacha zomyili, okukhokelela kwinkunkuma eyi-zero. Ngaphaya koko, ufele lwe-vegan luphezulu kunesikhumba sokwenyani ngokwe-CO2 kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse, njengoko ukulima kwezilwanyana kunegalelo elikhulu kolu kukhutshwa. Ngaphaya koko, ulusu lwe-vegan lusebenzisa iikhemikhali ezinetyhefu encinci ngexesha lemveliso, ngokungafaniyo nendlela yesintu “yokusukwa” ulusu lwesilwanyana ukwenza ulusu lokwenyani, olusebenzisa imichiza eyityhefu. Ngaphaya koko, isikhumba se-vegan siyakwazi ukumelana namanzi kwaye kulula ukuyinyamekela, ngokungafaniyo nesikhumba sokwenyani, esinokuthi singabi namanzi kwaye sinokubiza ukusigcina.
Isikhumba seVegan senziwe ngokwezifiso kakhulu, siyayinciphisa inkunkuma yezinto, kwaye ayinamanzi. Xa sithelekisa umgangatho kunye nokuqina kwezi zimbini, sifumene ukuba ngenxa yokuba zombini i-vegan kunye nesikhumba sokwenyani ziveliswa kwibhubhoratri, zithande ukuba khaphukhaphu, zincinci, kwaye zomelele. Ezi zibonelelo zenze ulusu lwe-vegan lwabetha kakhulu kwihlabathi lefashoni, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwalo lula kuxatyiswa kakhulu.
Izikhumba zokwenziwa ezifana ne-PU kunye ne-PVC zonakaliswa lula, ngelixa ufele lwendalo lwe-vegan lusebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, izikhumba zePU kunye nePVC zithande ukukrwela nokuqhekeka. Isikhumba seVegan yendalo, nangona kunjalo, sibonisa ukuqina okufana nesikhumba sokwenyani.
Inkcazo kunye nokuPhakamisa kweVegan yesikhumba
Ufele lweVegan luthwathwa olwenziwa ngaphandle kwamalungu esilwanyana kwaye aluvavanywa kwizilwanyana. Uninzi lwethwathwa lwenziwe ngezityalo, ezikwaziwa njengesikhumba esekwe kwisityalo. Ngokukhula kolwazi lokusingqongileyo kunye nokusukela ishishini lefashoni kwizinto ezizinzileyo, ukufumana ezinye iindlela zofele lwesilwanyana kuye kwaba yinjongo kubaqulunqi abaninzi kunye nabathandi befashoni, ukwenza i-vegan yesikhumba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo. Izinto zefashoni ezenziwe ngesikhumba esingenalusini, njengeebhegi, iiteki nempahla, ziya zisanda.
Ukubunjwa kunye neYantlukwano yeVegan yesikhumba
Ukubunjwa: Naluphi na ufele olungenazo izinto zesilwanyana lunokuthiwa luthwathwa lwe-vegan, ngoko ke ufele lwe-faux lukwaluhlobo lwesikhumba se-vegan. Nangona kunjalo, isikhumba sokwenziwa kwendabuko, njenge-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyurethane (PU), kunye ne-polyester, yenziwe ngokuyinhloko kwi-petroleum. Ezi zinto zikhupha izinto ezinobungozi ngexesha lokubola, ezibangela ukungcoliseka kwendalo.
Ukwahluka: Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukunyuka kwesikhumba esekwe kwizityalo kuzise into entsha kwisikhumba se-vegan. Umzekelo, ufele lwekhowa, ufele lwe-cork, kunye ne-cactus luthe lwafumana ingqwalasela kunye nengxoxo, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe luthatha indawo yesikhumba sokwenziwa. Ezi zikhumba zintsha ze-vegan azinobuhlobo nje nokusingqongileyo kodwa zikwabonelela ngokuqina okugqwesileyo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuphefumla.
Izinto eziNtu eziNtu zeVegan yesikhumba
IiNzuzo zokusiNgqongileyo:
Izinto ezisisiseko zesikhumba seVegan zisekwe kwisityalo, hayi kwizilwanyana, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikhuseleke ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nesikhumba sokwenziwa kwesintu, iifeleni ezintsha ze vegan ezifana necactus kunye ne mushroom mushroom azikhuphi izinto ezinobungozi ngexesha lokubola, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zikhuseleke ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo.
Uzinzo:
Ukunyuka kwesikhumba se-vegan kukhuthaze uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kwishishini lefashoni. Iibrendi ezininzi zamkela ufele lwe-vegan njengenye indlela yesikhumba sesilwanyana ukunciphisa umthwalo kokusingqongileyo.
Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, ukuqina kunye nokwakheka kwesikhumba se-vegan kuqhubeka nokuphucula, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi ngelixa kuncitshiswa inkcitho yemithombo.
Ukuba nefashoni kunye neYantlukwano:
Isikhumba seVegan sikhula ngokusetyenziswa kwishishini lefashoni, libandakanya yonke into ukusuka kwiibhegi kunye neeteki ukuya kwimpahla.
Ukwahluka kunye nokutsha kwesikhumba se-vegan kukwavula amathuba amatsha oyilo lwefashoni. Ngokomzekelo, ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha ezifana nesikhumba se-cactus kunye nesikhumba se-mushroom kunika abaqulunqi ukuphefumlelwa ngakumbi kunye neenketho.
Isishwankathelo, isikhumba se-vegan sithandeka ngakumbi kunesikhumba sokwenziwa kwendabuko, kungekhona nje ngobuhlobo bayo bendalo kunye nokuzinza, kodwa kunye nefashoni kunye nokuguquguquka. Njengoko ulwazi lwabathengi malunga nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokuzinza luqhubeka lukhula, isikhumba se-vegan siya kuba yinto ephambili kwishishini lefashoni elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-16-2025
