Isahluko 1: Inkcazo kunye neeNgcaciso ezingundoqo ze-PU Leather
Isikhumba se-PU, esifutshane kwi-polyurethane synthetic yesikhumba, yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngumntu eyenziwe nge-polyurethane resin njengokwaleka kwayo okuphambili, ifakwa kwiisubstrates ezahlukeneyo (ngokuqhelekileyo amalaphu) ukulinganisa inkangeleko kunye nokuziva kwesikhumba sesilwanyana sendalo.
Izithako eziphambili:
I-Polyurethane (PU): Le yipolima enobunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli enokumelana ne-abrasion egqwesileyo, ukumelana nokuguquguquka, ukuguquguquka, kunye neplastiki. Kwisikhumba se-PU, ngokuyintloko isebenza njengokugquma komphezulu, uxanduva lofele lwesikhumba, umbala, isicwebezelisi, kunye nokuvakala kwayo okuninzi. I-resin ye-PU ekumgangatho ophezulu inokudala isiphumo esinengqiqo kakhulu.
I-Backing Material: Esi sisiseko apho i-PU i-coating isetyenziselwa khona, ngokuqhelekileyo ilaphu. Ezona zixhobo zixhaphakileyo zezi:
Ilaphu elinithiweyo: Ukuba bhetyebhetye kunye nokuthamba kuxhaphakile kwimpahla nakwizihlangu eziphezulu.
Ilaphu elingalukwanga: Ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye kulula ukuvelisa, lihlala lisetyenziswa kwiimveliso eziphantsi okanye ukupakishwa.
Ilaphu elilukiweyo (elifana nepolyester kunye nomqhaphu): Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional, ehlala isetyenziswa kwimithwalo kunye nefenitshala. I-Microfiber substrate: Le substrate yesiphelo esiphezulu yenziwe ngeentsinga ezintle kakhulu, ezinesakhiwo esifana ngakumbi ne-collagen fiber network yesikhumba sokwenyani. Oku kudala i-microfiber PU yesikhumba, elona nqanaba liphezulu lesikhumba sePU.
Umgaqo wokuSebenza: I-PU yesikhumba iveliswa ngokugquma okanye ukulayita udaka olululwelo lwe-polyurethane kwilaphu lesiseko. Oku ke kunyangwa ubushushu, kufakwe i-embossed, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokwenza izinto ezihlanganisiweyo ezinokwakheka kwesikhumba kunye neempawu.
Isahluko 2: Inkqubo ye-PU Leather Manufacturing
Imveliso yesikhumba yePU yinkqubo entsonkothileyo, eyahlulwe ngokuyintloko ibe ngamanyathelo alandelayo:
Isiseko soNyango lweFabric: Okokuqala, ilaphu lesiseko selaphu elikhethiweyo linyangwa kwangaphambili, kubandakanya ukucocwa, uku-ayina, kunye nokufakelwa, ukuqinisekisa indawo egudileyo kunye nokuququzelela ukuhlangana kunye ne-PU yokwambathisa.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Polyurethane Slurry: Iinqununu ze-polyurethane zichithwa kwi-solvent efana ne-DMF (i-dimethylformamide), kunye nezongezo ezahlukahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-colorants, i-anti-wear agents, i-plasticizers, kunye ne-coagulants) yongezwa ukwenza i-slurry efanayo.
I-Coating: I-PU slurry elungiselelwe isetyenziswe ngokulinganayo kwindwangu yesiseko isebenzisa izixhobo ezifana ne-scraper okanye i-roller. Ubunzima kunye nokufana kwengubo kuqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. I-Coagulation kunye noLwakhiwo lweFilimu: Izinto ezigqunyiweyo zingena kwibhafu yokudibanisa (idla ngokuba yibhafu yamanzi). Amanzi afumana i-reaction displacement reaction kunye ne-DMF kwi-slurry, ebangela ukuba i-PU resin iqhube ngokukhawuleza kwaye iqiniswe, yenze ifilimu encinci kunye nesakhiwo se-microporous. Esi sakhiwo se-microporous sinika iqondo elithile lokuphefumla kwi-PU yesikhumba.
Ukuhlamba kunye nokomisa: Izinto eziphathekayo zihlanjululwa ngamanzi amaninzi ukuze zisuse ngokucokisekileyo nayiphi na i-solvent ye-DMF eseleyo, ilandelwa ngokomisa.
Unyango lwangaphezulu (Ukugqiba): Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekunikeni isikhumba "umphefumlo."
I-Embossing: I-Metal rollers eprintwe ngeenkozo zesikhumba (ezifana ne-lychee, i-tumbled, okanye i-nappa) zixinzelelwe kumphezulu phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo lokudala ukuthungwa okufunwayo.
Ushicilelo: Iipateni ezintsonkothileyo kunye neepateni ezifana nezo zesikhumba ezingaqhelekanga zinokuprintwa.
Ukugqiba: Ifilimu ekhuselayo isetyenziswe kumphezulu, njengomgangatho onqabileyo wokunxiba, i-matte layer, okanye i-agent agent (efana ne-smooth, waxy, okanye i-silicone-like finish) ukuphucula ukubonakala kunye nokuqina.
I-Coiling and Inspection: Ekugqibeleni, imveliso egqityiweyo ifakwe kwi-roll kwaye, emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho, ithunyelwe.
Isahluko sesi-3: Iimpawu, izinto eziluncedo, kunye nezinto ezingeloncedo kwi-PU Leather
Izinto eziluncedo:
Iindleko eziphantsi: Olu lolona ncedo lubalulekileyo lwesikhumba sePU. Impahla yayo ekrwada kunye neendleko zemveliso ziphantsi kakhulu kunezo zesikhumba sesilwanyana, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imveliso yokugqibela ifikeleleke kakhulu.
Imbonakalo efanayo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuSetyenziswa: Isikhumba sePU yimveliso yemveliso, ekhokelela kumbala ofanayo ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuthungwa, kunye nobukhulu kumqulu ngamnye. Ayinaziphene zendalo ezifumaneka kwisikhumba sesilwanyana, njengeziva, ukulunywa ngamanundu, nemibimbi, kwaye akukho nkunkuma ikhutshwayo ngexesha lokusikwa.
Ukhathalelo olulula: Ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo kwamanzi kunye nokuchasana kwamabala, ukuvumela amabala aqhelekileyo ukuba asuswe ngelaphu elimanzi, ukuphelisa imfuno yeeoyile ezikhethekileyo zokugcina.
Imibala eyahlukahlukeneyo kunye neNkululeko yoYilo: Ubugcisa bokufaka i-embossing kunye noshicilelo lunokusetyenziswa ukulinganisa ukhozo lwaso nasiphi na isithwathwa sesilwanyana (njengengwenya okanye inciniba), kwanokudala imibala kunye neepateni ezingafumanekiyo kwindalo, ukunika abaqulunqi inkululeko engenamkhawulo yokuyila.
Ikhaphukhaphu: Iqhele ukuba khaphukhaphu kunesikhumba sesilwanyana esikummandla omnye.
Ukuhambelana okuphezulu: Ukuveliswa kobuninzi kuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo, ukuphelisa ukuhluka okuphawulekayo kwimvakalelo kunye nokusebenza ngaphakathi kwebhetshi efanayo.
Ubuhlobo bendalo kunye nezilwanyana: Ayisebenzisi ngokuthe ngqo uboya bezilwanyana, obuhambelana nemigaqo yemifuno kunye nemibutho yokukhusela izilwanyana. Itekhnoloji yale mihla ikwathanda ukusebenzisa iireyini ze-PU ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo ukuze kuncitshiswe ungcoliseko olunyibilikayo.
Isahluko 4: Isikhumba sePU vs. Ezinye izinto
1. PU Isikhumba vs. PVC Isikhumba
Isikhumba sePVC (esaziwa njenge "Xipi"): Iqatywe ngepolyvinyl chloride. Sisizukulwana sangaphambili sesikhumba sokwenziwa.
Uthelekiso: Ufele lwePVC luqina ngokubanzi, aluguquguquki kangako, luphefumla nzima kakhulu (phantse alunamicropores), luziva luyiplastikhi ngakumbi, kwaye luthanda ukuqhekeka kubushushu obuphantsi. Imveliso yePVC nayo ayihambelani nokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ufele lwePU lugqwesa ufele lwePVC phantse kuyo yonke imiba yokusebenza kwaye ngoku lolona khetho luqhelekileyo lwesikhumba sokwenziwa.
2. PU Isikhumba vs. Microfiber Isikhumba
Isikhumba seMicrofiber: Yenziwe ngesiseko selaphu le-microfiber esingalukwanga esifakwe ngepolyurethane. Kungoku nje isesona siphelo siphezulu sesikhumba sokwenziwa.
Uthelekiso: Ulwakhiwo lwesiseko sesikhumba seMicrofiber lufana ngokusondeleyo nolusu lokwenyani, olukhokelela kumandla, ukuqina, ukuphefumla, kunye nokuziva uphakamile kakhulu kunesikhumba sePU esiqhelekileyo, sisondele kakhulu kwesikhumba sokwenyani somgangatho ophezulu, kwaye sisodlula kwezinye iipropathi zomzimba (ukuguga nokukrazula ukumelana). Ewe, iindleko zayo ziphezulu kakhulu kunezo zesikhumba zePU eziqhelekileyo. Unokucinga ngayo "njengophuculo lwe-PU yesikhumba."
Isahluko 5: Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zesikhumba zePU
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okulinganayo kunye neendleko, isikhumba sePU sinoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezicelo.
Isinxibo sefashoni: Iibhatyi, iibhulukhwe, iziketi, amabhanti, njl.njl. Sesona sisixhobo sisetyenziswa kakhulu ngethwathwa kwiimpawu zefashoni ezikhawulezayo.
Izihlangu neeBagi: Amalungu okuhombisa iiteki, izihlangu eziqhelekileyo, neebhutsi; inani elikhulu leengxowa eziphathwayo, izipaji, kunye neebhegi zesikolo.
I-Furniture Upholstery: I-Sofas, izihlalo zokudlela, ii-coverside bed, izihlalo zeemoto, ii-wheel coverers, iipaneli zangaphakathi, njl. Ngenxa yobuninzi beepateni kunye nokucoca lula, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumacandelo asekhaya kunye neemoto.
Iimveliso zombane: Iimeko zefowuni, iimeko zethebhulethi, iimeko ze-headphone, iimeko ze-laptop, njl.
Okunye: Amaqweqwe ezinto zokubhala, iibhokisi zobucwebe, iiglavu, ukupakishwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, kunye nezinto zokuhombisa.
Isahluko sesi-6: Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokuKhathalela iiMveliso zesikhumba zePU
Iingcebiso zokuThenga:
Jonga: Jonga ukuba ikhozo iyunifomu kwaye igqibelele. Ulusu lokwenyani lunezitenxo zendalo kwiinkozo zalo. Inxalenye enqamlezayo yesikhumba sePU iya kubonisa umaleko welaphu owahlukileyo. Chukumisa: Yiva ukuthungwa. Isikhumba esihle sePU kufuneka sithambe kwaye sithambile, ngelixa umgangatho ophantsi unokuziva uqinile kwaye uplastiki. Kwakhona, yiva iqondo lobushushu. Ithwathwa lokwenyani liqhuba ubushushu ngokukhawuleza kwaye livakala lipholile xa libamba, ngelixa ufele lwePU luziva lusondele kubushushu begumbi.
Ivumba: Isikhumba sokwenyani sinevumba elahlukileyo lofele, ngelixa ufele lwePU luhlala luneplastiki emdaka okanye ivumba lekhemikhali.
Cinezela: Ukucinezela umphezulu ngeminwe yakho kuya kubangela imibimbi yendalo, i-radial, ebuyela ngokukhawuleza. Isikhumba sePU, kwelinye icala, sinemibimbi eqinile okanye efihlakeleyo ebuyela ngokukhawuleza.
Inkathalo:
Ukucoca: Sula umphezulu rhoqo ngelaphu elithambileyo, elimanzi ukususa uthuli namabala. Ukwenzela amabala anenkani, sebenzisa isicoci solusu esizinikezeleyo; ziphephe izinyibilikisi ezinzima.
Kuphephe: Kuphephe ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide elangeni okanye kwimithombo yobushushu ukuthintela ukuguga nokuqhekeka. Kuphephe ukudibana nezinto ezibukhali.
Ugcino: Gcina kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, ekhethwayo ukuba isongelwe kwisingxobo sothuli. Kuphephe ukucinezeleka kakhulu.
Ukulungisa: Umonakalo onzima wokugquma komhlaba kunzima ukuwulungisa kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ufuna ukulungiswa okanye ukulungiswa kweengcali.
Isahluko 7: IiNdlela zoPhuhliso lwexesha elizayo
UkusiNgqongileyo: Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-resin ze-PU ezisekelwe emanzini (i-solvent-free), i-PU esekelwe kwi-bio-based (ephuma kwizityalo), kunye nezixhobo ze-PU eziphinda zisetyenziswe ziphinde zisetyenziswe zizinto eziphambili ekugxilwe kuzo.
Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, iipropathi ezisebenzayo zesikhumba zePU, ezifana nokuphefumla, ukuxhathisa i-hydrolysis, ukuxhathisa amabala, kunye nokuncitshiswa komlilo, kuya kwandiswa ngakumbi, kwandiswe ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkalo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezicelo zangaphandle kunye nezonyango.
Ubukrelekrele be-Bionic: Ukuphuhlisa imathiriyeli yesikhumba ye-biomimetic eneempawu zobukrelekrele ezinje ngolawulo "lwe-adaptive" lobushushu kunye nokutshintsha kombala.
I-High-End: Itekhnoloji yesikhumba yeMicrofiber PU iya kuqhubeka nokuvuthwa, ingena ngokuthe ngcembe kwisabelo sentengiso ephezulu yesikhumba sokwenyani kwaye ibonelela ngamava ayinyani.
Ukuqukumbela
Njengokuqamba okumangalisayo kwezinto, ufele lwePU ludlale indima ebalulekileyo kuyilo lwedemokhrasi, ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yabathengi abaninzi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko lwezilwanyana. Ngelixa ingagqibelelanga, ibhalansi yayo yeendleko, uyilo, kunye nokusebenza kwayo kuyigcine kwindawo engenakushukunyiswa kwihlabathi lezinto eziphathekayo. Ukuqonda iimpawu zayo kunokusinceda senze ukhetho lwabathengi olukrelekrele: xa sifuna ukohluka, ukuqina, kunye nexabiso, ulusu lokwenyani lunokuba yimpendulo; kwaye xa sifuna ifashoni, ukusetyenziswa lula, kunye nokufikeleleka, ufele lwePU ngokungathandabuzekiyo lolona khetho lubalaseleyo. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, ikamva lesikhumba le-PU linyanzelekile ukuba libe nobuhlobo ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo kwaye libe phezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-11-2025
