PU Isikhumba
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Uluzinzo lwesikhumba se-faux se-vegan sebhegi kunye nezihlangu
I-Lambskin yaseNappa yisikhumba esiphezulu esihlala sisetyenziselwa ukwenza ifenitshala ephezulu, izikhwama, izicathulo zesikhumba kunye nezinye iimveliso. Iphuma kwisikhumba segusha, esiye safumana inkqubo yolusu ekhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo yokulungisa ukwenza ukuthungwa kwayo kube thambileyo, kube lula kwaye kunwebeka ngakumbi. Igama le-Lambskin yaseNappa livela kwigama lesiTaliyane elithi "touch" okanye "ukuziva" kuba inochuku oluthambileyo kwaye lukhululekile. Olu thwathwa luyathandwa ngabathengi ngenxa yomgangatho walo ophezulu kunye nokuqina. Inkqubo yemveliso yeNappa lambskin ithambile kakhulu. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha umgangatho ophezulu we-raw materials-lambskin. Emva koko, ufele lwetakane lutshintshwa lube lukhuku ngokukhethekileyo luze lucutshungulwe ukuze lube thambileyo, lube mpuluswa kwaye lunwenwe ngakumbi. Esi sikhumba sinokubonisa ukuthungwa okuthambileyo kunye nokuchukumisa xa usenza ifenitshala ephezulu, izikhwama, izicathulo zesikhumba kunye nezinye iimveliso. Umgangatho kunye nokuqina kwe-Lambskin yaseNappa yenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwifenitshala ephezulu, izikhwama, izicathulo zesikhumba kunye nezinye iimveliso. Olu thwathwa alunikezeli kuphela intuthuzelo yokugqibela, kodwa luhlala ixesha elide. Ke ngoko, iibrendi ezininzi ezaziwayo zikhetha ukusebenzisa izikhumba zamatakane zaseNappa ukwenza iimveliso zabo ukuba zihlangabezane nemfuno yabathengi yomgangatho ophezulu.
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Ipateni eNxinyiweyo yePU yeMathiriyeli yeMpahla eNgangenwa ngamanzi eFanethi eFanelekileyo yeeNgxowa zeZihlangu Iimpahla zefanitshala yeSofa
Izinto ze-Shoe pu zenziwe ngezinto ezenziweyo ezenziwe ngelaphu lesikhumba lokulinganisa, ukuthungwa kwayo komelele kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide, njengesikhumba sePVC, iphepha laseItaliyane, ufele oluhlaziyiweyo, njl. njl., inkqubo yokuvelisa inzima. Ngenxa yokuba ilaphu lesiseko se-PU linamandla okuqina, linokupeyintwa ezantsi, ukusuka ngaphandle alikwazi ukubona ubukho belaphu lesiseko, elaziwa ngokuba yisikhumba esisetyenzisiweyo, liphawulwa ngobunzima obulula, ukuxhathisa, ukutyibilika, ukubanda. kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kwemichiza, kodwa kulula ukuyikrazula, amandla amabi oomatshini kunye nokumelana nokukrazula, umbala ophambili umnyama okanye umdaka, ukuthungwa okuthambileyo.
Izicathulo ze-PU zesikhumba zizicathulo ezenziwe ngelaphu eliphezulu elenziwe ngesikhumba samacandelo e-polyurethane. Umgangatho wezihlangu zesikhumba ze-PU nazo zilungile okanye zimbi, kwaye izihlangu ezilungileyo ze-PU zesikhumba zibiza kakhulu kunezihlangu zokwenyani.Iindlela zokulungisa: Hlamba ngamanzi kunye ne-detergent, ugweme ukuxutywa kwepetroli, awukwazi ukucocwa owomileyo, unokuhlanjwa kuphela, kwaye ubushushu bokuhlamba abukwazi ukudlula ama-degrees angama-40, abukwazi ukuchasana nokukhanya kwelanga, awukwazi ukudibanisa nezinye i-solvents eziphilayo.
Umahluko phakathi kwezihlangu zesikhumba ze-PU kunye nezihlangu ezenziweyo: inzuzo yezihlangu zesikhumba ezenziweyo kukuba ixabiso lincinci, ukungahambi kakuhle kulula ukuqiniswa, kwaye ixabiso le-PU izihlangu zesikhumba zokwenziwa ziphezulu kunezihlangu ze-PVC ezenziwe ngesikhumba. Ukusuka kwisakhiwo sekhemikhali, ilaphu le-PU izihlangu zesikhumba zokwenziwa zisondele kwizihlangu zesikhumba, azisebenzisi iiplasticizers ukufezekisa iipropathi ezithambileyo, ngoko ke akayi kuba lukhuni, abe brittle, kwaye abe neengenelo zombala otyebileyo, iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. yeepateni, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kunezihlangu zesikhumba, ngoko ke ithandwa ngabathengi -
Umgangatho oPhezulu wokuQinisa iPatheni yeNyoka yeHolographic PU Synthetic yesikhumba eNgangeni manzi ngokuSetyenziswa kweFanitshala yeSofa
Kukho malunga neentlobo ezine zamalaphu esikhumba anokwakheka kolusu lwenyoka kwimarike, ezizezi: PU synthetic leather, PVC eyenziwe ngethwathwa, ilaphu elikroliweyo kunye nolusu lwenyoka lokwenyani. Singaliqonda ngokubanzi ilaphu, kodwa isiphumo somphezulu se-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo, kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa yangoku, umntu ophakathi kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula, ngoku kukuxelela indlela elula yokwahlukana.
Indlela yokujonga umbala wedangatye, umbala womsi kunye nevumba lomsi emva kokutshisa.
I-1, ilangatye lelaphu elisezantsi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye tyheli, umsi omhlophe, akukho ncasa icacileyo ye-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa.
2, emazantsi edangatye kukukhanya okuluhlaza, umsi omnyama, kwaye kukho ivumba elibonakalayo elikhuthazayo lomsi lesikhumba sePVC.
3, emazantsi elangatye ngumthubi, umsi omhlophe, kwaye ivumba leenwele ezitshileyo yidermis. I-Dermis yenziwe ngeprotheyini kwaye incasa i-mushy xa itshisiwe. -
IWholelele Embossed Snake Grain PU Synthetic Isikhumba Esingangeni Manzi Isihombiso Solulwayo seFanitshala yeFanitshala yeSofa IiHandbags
Isikhumba sokwenziwa Imveliso yeplastiki elinganisa ukubunjwa kunye nokwakheka kwesikhumba sendalo kwaye inokusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ebambeleyo.
Isikhumba sokwenziwa sikholisa ukwenziwa ngelaphu elingaphothiweyo elingalukwanga njengomaleko we-mesh kunye ne-microporous polyurethane layer njengomaleko weenkozo. Amacala ayo alungileyo kunye angalunganga afana kakhulu nesikhumba, kwaye anokungena okuthile, okukufutshane nesikhumba sendalo kunesikhumba esiqhelekileyo sokwenziwa. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso yezicathulo, iibhuthi, iingxowa kunye neebhola.Isikhumba sokwenziwa ayisosikhumba sokwenyani, ufele lwenziwa ikakhulu ngeresin kunye nelaphu elingalukwanga njengezona zinto ziphambili zesikhumba sokwenziwa, nangona ingeyiyo yokwenyani, kodwa ilaphu lesikhumba sokwenziwa lithambile kakhulu, kwiimveliso ezininzi ebomini. sele isetyenzisiwe, yenze ukungabikho kwesikhumba, ngokwenene kubomi bemihla ngemihla yaBantu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubanzi kakhulu. Iye ngokuthe ngcembe ithathe indawo yedermis yendalo.
Izinto ezilungileyo zesikhumba sokwenziwa:
I-1, i-synthetic yesikhumba yinethiwekhi yesakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu yelaphu elingalukwanga, umphezulu omkhulu kunye nefuthe elinamandla lokufunxa amanzi, ukuze abasebenzisi bazive bebambe kakuhle kakhulu.
2, inkangeleko yesikhumba zokwenziwa kwakhona kakhulu ogqibeleleyo, yonke ngethwathwa ukunika umntu imvakalelo ingakumbi engenasiphako, kunye nofele xa kuthelekiswa ukunika umntu imvakalelo hayi ngaphantsi. -
Umthengisi waseTshayina unikezela ngesikhumba seFaux Synthetic Artificial yeLuphu yasekhaya yeUpholstery kunye neempahla zeSofa
Isikhumba seVintage PU yimathiriyeli yesikhumba eyenziweyo enesitayile sakudala.
Isebenzisa iinkqubo zokuvelisa eziphambili ukulinganisa ukuthungwa kunye nokuthungwa kwesikhumba semveli, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye linokuqina, ukunakekelwa okulula kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kwesikhumba sePU.
Isikhumba seVintage PU sihlala sisetyenziswa ekuveliseni izinto zefashoni njengempahla, izihlangu, iibhegi njalo njalo, kwaye siyathandwa ngabathengi ngenxa yesitayile saso esikhethekileyo se-retro kunye nokusebenza.
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Umgangatho oPhezulu we-Eco Luxury Synthetic PU Microfiber yesikhumba kwiZitulo zeMoto zeUpholstery
Isikhumba se-Organosilicon i-microfiber yimathiriyeli eyenziwe nge-organosilicon polymer. Amacandelo ayo asisiseko abandakanya i-polydimethylsiloxane, i-polymethylsiloxane, i-polystyrene, ilaphu le-nylon, i-polypropylene kunye nokunye. Ezi zixhobo zenziwa ngokwekhemikhali kwi-silicone microfiber skins.
Okwesibini, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwesikhumba se-silicone microfiber
1, umlinganiselo wempahla ekrwada, ngokweemfuno zemveliso umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wemathiriyeli ekrwada;
2, ukuxuba, izinto eziluhlaza kwi-blender yokuxuba, ixesha lokuxuba ngokubanzi yimizuzu engama-30;
3, ukucinezela, izinto ezixubeneyo kumatshini wokucofa ukubumba;
I-4, i-coating, i-silicone ye-microfiber yesikhumba igqunywe, ukuze ikwazi ukunxiba, ingenamanzi kunye nezinye iimpawu;
I-5, ukugqiba, i-silicone yesikhumba se-microfiber yokusika okulandelayo, ukubetha, ukucinezela okushushu kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula.
Okwesithathu, ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba se-silicone microfiber
I-1, ikhaya langoku: Isikhumba se-silicone se-microfiber singasetyenziselwa i-sofa, isitulo, i-mattress kunye nezinye izinto zokwenziwa kwefenitshala, kunye nokungena komoya okunamandla, ukugcinwa lula, ubuhle kunye nezinye iimpawu.
I-2, umhombiso wangaphakathi: isikhumba se-silicone se-microfiber sinokuthatha indawo yesikhumba sendalo yendalo, esetyenziswa kwizihlalo zeemoto, ivili lokuqhuba kunye nezinye iindawo, kunye nokungagugi, ukucoceka okulula, ukungangeni kwamanzi kunye nezinye iimpawu.
I-3, ibhegi yezihlangu zempahla: i-organic silicon microfiber yesikhumba ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla, iibhegi, izihlangu, njl., ezinokukhanya, ezithambileyo, ezichasayo kunye nezinye iipropathi.
Ukushwankathela, isikhumba se-silicone se-microfiber sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokwenziwa, ukubunjwa kwayo, inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neendawo zokusebenzisa zihlala ziphucula kwaye ziphuhliswa, kwaye kuya kubakho izicelo ezininzi kwixesha elizayo. -
Ubume obungaxutywanga eBusika boMbala oMnyama wePU Ilaphu elenziwe ngesikhumba leFaux leFaux yokwenza isihlangu/ibhegi/icici/ibhatyi/impahla/iblukhwe
Izicathulo zesikhumba se-Patent zihlobo lwezihlangu eziphezulu zesikhumba, umphezulu ugudileyo kwaye kulula ukonakalisa, kwaye umbala ulula ukucima, ngoko ke kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuze ugweme ukukrala kunye nokugqoka. Xa ucoca, sebenzisa ibrashi ethambileyo okanye ilaphu elicocekileyo ukosula ngobunono, kuphephe ukusebenzisa isicoci esineblitshi. Ukulungiswa kunokusebenzisa ipolishi yezihlangu okanye iwax yezihlangu, lumka ungafaki kakhulu. Gcina kwindawo engenamoya neyomileyo. Hlola kwaye ulungise imikrwelo kunye ne-scuffs rhoqo. Indlela efanelekileyo yokunyamekela inokwandisa ubomi benkonzo. Gcina ubuhle kunye negloss.Umphezulu wawo uqatywe ngoqweqwe lwesikhumba esimenyezelayo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, unika abantu imvakalelo enesidima nefashoni.
Iindlela zokucoca izihlangu zesikhumba se-patent. Okokuqala, sinokusebenzisa ibrashi ethambileyo okanye ilaphu elicocekileyo ukusula ngobunono phezulu ukuze sisuse uthuli namabala. Ukuba kukho amabala anenkani phezulu, ungasebenzisa isicoci sesikhumba esikhethekileyo se-patent ukuyicoca. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isicoci, kucetyiswa ukuba uvavanye kwindawo engabonakaliyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba umcoci akayi kubangela umonakalo kwisikhumba se-patent.
Ukugcinwa kwezihlangu zesikhumba se-patent nako kubaluleke kakhulu. Okokuqala, sinokusebenzisa rhoqo i-polish ekhethekileyo okanye i-wax ye-wax yokunyamekela, ezi mveliso zinokukhusela isikhumba se-patent kwindawo yangaphandle, ngelixa sandisa ukukhanya kwezihlangu. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-polish yesihlangu okanye i-wax yezicathulo, kucetyiswa ukuba uyisebenzise kwindwangu ecocekileyo kwaye emva koko ulungelelanise phezulu, uqaphele ukuba ungafaki kakhulu, ukuze ungachaphazeli ukubonakala kwesihlangu.
Kwakhona kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kugcino lwezihlangu zesikhumba se-patent, xa unganxibanga zihlangu, izihlangu kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo enomoya neyomileyo ukuze kuphephe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kunye nokusingqongileyo okumanzi. Ukuba izicathulo azigqokwa ixesha elide, unokubeka ezinye iphephandaba okanye izihlangu zezihlangu kwizihlangu ukugcina imilo yezihlangu kunye nokukhusela i-deformation.
Kwakhona kufuneka sihlolisise imeko yezicathulo zesikhumba se-patent rhoqo, kwaye ukuba phezulu kufunyenwe ukuba kukho imikrwelo okanye ukugqoka, ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokulungisa ingcali ukulungisa. Ukuba izicathulo zonakaliswe kakhulu okanye azikwazi ukulungiswa, kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe izicathulo ezitsha ngexesha lokuphepha ukuchaphazela umphumo wokugqoka kunye nokuthuthuzela. Ngamafutshane, indlela efanelekileyo yokunyamekela. Inokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezihlangu zesikhumba se-patent, kwaye igcine ubuhle bayo kunye neglosi. Ngokucocwa rhoqo, ukugcinwa kunye nokuhlolwa, sinokuhlala sigcina izicathulo zethu zesikhumba se-patent zikwimeko efanelekileyo kwaye songeze izinto eziphambili kumfanekiso wethu.
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IPremium Synthetic PU Microfiber yesikhumba Embossed Ipateni yokuNcitshiswa kwamanzi kwiZitulo zeMoto Impahla yeFanitshala yeeSofas
Isikhumba se-microfiber ephuculweyo yi-synthetic yesikhumba eyenziwe nge-microfiber kunye ne-polyurethane (PU).
Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwesikhumba semicrofiber ibandakanya ukwenza iimicrofibers (ezi ntsinga zincinci kuneenwele zomntu, okanye amaxesha angama-200 zincinci kakhulu) kwisakhiwo se-mesh esine-dimensional-dimensional mesh ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ethile, kwaye emva koko ukugquma esi sakhiwo ngepolyurethane resin ukwenza isikhumba sokugqibela. imveliso. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezigqwesileyo, ezifana nokunganyangeki, ukumelana nokubanda, ukunyanzeliswa komoya, ukuxhathisa ukuguga kunye nokuguquguquka okulungileyo, le nto isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iimpahla, ukuhlobisa, ifenitshala, ingaphakathi lemoto kunye nokunye.
Ukongeza, ulusu lwemicrofiber lufana nelokwenyani ngenkangeleko kunye nokuziva, kwaye lude ludlule ufele lwenyani kwezinye iinkalo, njengokufana kobukhulu, amandla okukrazula, ukuqaqamba kombala kunye nokusetyenziswa komphezulu wolusu. Ngoko ke, i-microfiber yesikhumba iye yaba yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha indawo yesikhumba sendalo, ngakumbi ekukhuselweni kwezilwanyana kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunokubaluleka okubalulekileyo. -
Isampulu yasimahla yeSilicone PU yeVinyl yesikhumba Ukuxhathisa ukungcola ukuCwangcisa iingxowa zeSofa ifenitshala yasekhaya yokuhombisa iipaseji iiwalethi.
Isikhumba seSilicone luhlobo lwezixhobo zokwenziwa ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwifanitshala, iimoto, ulwakhiwo kunye namanye amasimi. Yenziwe ngeekhompawundi ze-silicone kwaye ke ineempawu ezizodwa ezifana nokuxhathisa kwamanzi, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, njl.
Ukucoca nokugcinwa kwe-silicone yesikhumba kulula. Sincoma ukuba uhlambulule ngesicoci esingathathi hlangothi kwaye ugweme i-acids eqinile, i-alkalis okanye ezinye iikhemikhali ezitshabalalisayo. Xa ucoca, ungasebenzisa ilaphu elithambileyo okanye isipontshi ukusula ngobunono ubuso besikhumba se-silicone, ugweme ukusebenzisa ilaphu elirhabaxa okanye isiponji esinamandla sokukhuhla.
Kunzima ukususa amabala, unokuvavanya indawo encinci kuqala kwindawo engabonakaliyo. Ukuba uvavanyo luphumelele, ungasebenzisa izicoci ezingathathi hlangothi zokucoca ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba oku akuphumeleli, unokufuna ukucela inkampani yokucoca ingcali ukuba icoce kwaye igcine isikhumba se-silicone.
Ukongezelela, ukuphepha ukukhanya kwexesha elide ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukugcina umoya omhle, kunye nokuphepha ukudibanisa nezinto ezibukhali nazo ziyimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yokugcina isikhumba se-silicone.
Iimveliso zethu zesikhumba ze-silicone ziphathwa ngokukodwa kunye ne-anti-fouling, i-anti-bacterial kunye ne-anti-aging iimpawu, ezinokugcina imvakalelo enhle kunye nekhululekile ixesha elide.
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Umgangatho oPhezulu wePU Synthetic Ibhegi yesikhumba Izihlangu zeFanitshala yeSofa Iimpahla zokuhombisa Ukusetyenziswa kwepateni enembossed Iimpawu zokolulwa kwamanzi
Iimveliso zethu zinezi nzuzo zilandelayo:
A. Umgangatho ozinzileyo, umehluko omncinci wombala ngaphambi nangemva kwebhetshi, kwaye unokuhlangabezana nazo zonke iintlobo zeemfuno zokusingqongileyo;
b, ixabiso lomzi-mveliso lisezantsi intengiso ngqo, ihoseyile kunye neevenkile;
c, unikezelo olwaneleyo lwempahla, ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza nangexesha;
d, inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye neesampulu, ukusetyenzwa, kuphuhliso lwemephu;
e, ngokweemfuno umthengi ukutshintsha ilaphu isiseko: twill, TC plain elukiweyo ilaphu, ilaphu uboya umqhaphu, ilaphu non-elukiweyo, njl, imveliso bhetyebhetye;
f, ukupakishwa ngokweemfuno zabathengi zokupakisha, ukufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kwezithuthi ezikhuselekileyo;
g, imveliso isetyenziswa kakhulu, ifanelekile kwizihlangu, iimpahla zesikhumba, ubugcisa, isofa, iibhegi, iibhegi zokuthambisa, iimpahla, ikhaya, umhombiso wangaphakathi, imoto kunye namanye amashishini anxulumeneyo;
h, inkampani ixhotyiswe ngeenkonzo zokulandela umkhondo.
Sinikela ingqalelo kuzo zonke iinkcukacha, sizimisele ukukukhonza ngentliziyo epheleleyo! -
Iisampulu zasimahla ze-PU eFaniweyo ye-Embossed ye-Synthetic Bags yeZihlangu zeFanitshala yeSofa Iimpahla zokuhombisa Usebenziso olungenaManzi lwezolulo.
Isikhumba se-Silicone luhlobo olutsha lwesikhumba esisingqongileyo, kunye nejeli ye-silica njengento eluhlaza, le nto entsha idibaniswa ne-microfiber, i-cloth engeyiyo-elukiweyo kunye nezinye ii-substrates, ezicutshungulwayo kwaye zilungiselelwe, ezifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini. Isikhumba seSilicone sisebenzisa itekhnoloji enganyibilikiyo, i-silicone yokwaleka ebotshelelwe kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zesubstrates ukwenza ufele. Kumashishini amatsha aphuhliswe kwinkulungwane yama-21.
Iipropati: ukumelana nemozulu (ukumelana ne-hydrolysis, ukuxhathisa kwe-UV, ukumelana nokutshiza kwetyuwa), i-flame retardant, ukumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu, ukuchasana nokungcola, ukulawulwa lula, ukuxhathisa kwamanzi, ukuchasana nolusu kunye nokungacaphuki, ukuchasana kunye ne-antibacterial, ukhuseleko kunye nokusingqongileyo. ukhuselo.
Ulwakhiwo: Umaleko womphezulu uqatywe nge-100% ye-silicone imathiriyeli, umaleko ophakathi yi-100% ye-silicone ye-bonding material, kwaye umaleko ongezantsi yi-polyester, i-spandex, i-cotton ecocekileyo, i-microfiber kunye nezinye ii-substrates.
Faka isicelo:Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa ngaphakathi eludongeni, izihlalo zemoto kunye nokuhombisa ngaphakathi kwemoto, izihlalo zokhuseleko lwabantwana, izihlangu, iibhegi kunye nezixhobo zefashoni, ezonyango, ezempilo, iinqanawa, iiyachts kunye nezinye iindawo zokusebenzisa izithuthi zikawonkewonke, izixhobo zangaphandle, njl.
Xa kuthelekiswa nesikhumba semveli, isikhumba se-silicone sineenzuzo ezininzi kwi-hydrolysis resistance, i-VOC ephantsi, akukho vumba, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nezinye iipropati.
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ISampuli ye-A4 eBossed iPattern ye-PU yesikhumba Ilaphu elingangenwa ngamanzi elenziwe ngelaphu leengxowa zezihlangu
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zokugquma izihlangu zesikhumba ngokubanzi zineendidi ezilandelayo.
1. Ingxaki yokunyibilikisa
2. Ukumelana nokukhuhlana okumanzi kunye nokuxhathisa amanzi
3. Ukukhuhlana okomileyo kunye neengxaki zokuqhawula
4. Ingxaki yokuqhekeka kwesikhumba
5. Ingxaki yokuqhekeka
6. Ingxaki yokulahleka kwe-pulp
7. Ukushisa kunye nokuxhatshazwa koxinzelelo
8. Ingxaki yokumelana nokukhanya
9. Ingxaki yokunyamezela ingqele (ukumelana nemozulu)Kunzima kakhulu ukuphuhlisa izibonakaliso zokusebenza komzimba wesikhumba esiphezulu, kwaye kungenangqiqo ukufuna abavelisi bezicathulo ukuba bathenge ngokuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali ezenziwe ngurhulumente okanye ishishini. Abavelisi bezihlangu ngokubanzi bahlola ulusu ngokuhambelana neendlela ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni, ngoko ke ukuveliswa kwesikhumba esingaphezulu akunakwahlulwa, kwaye kufuneka kube nokuqonda ngakumbi iimfuno ezisisiseko zenkqubo yokwenza izihlangu kunye nokunxiba ukuze kulawuleke ngokwesayensi ukusetyenzwa.