PU Isikhumba
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ixabiso eliphantsi Fire Retardant Synthetic Isikhumba for Automotive Upholstery
Isikhumba semoto sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa izihlalo zeemoto kunye nezinye izinto zangaphakathi, kwaye siza kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nesikhumba sokwenziwa, ufele lokwenyani, iplastiki kunye nerabha.
Isikhumba sokwenziwa yimveliso yeplastiki ekhangeleka kwaye ivakale njengesikhumba.Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngelaphu njengesiseko kwaye igqunywe nge-resin yokwenziwa kunye nezongezo zeplastiki ezahlukeneyo.Isikhumba sokwenziwa sibandakanya i-PVC ye-PVC eyenziweyo, i-PU yesikhumba eyenziweyo kunye ne-PU yokwenziwa kwesikhumba.Ibonakaliswa ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuqina, kwaye ezinye iintlobo zesikhumba sokwenziwa zifana nesikhumba sangempela ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni, ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwendalo. -
Intengiso eshushu iphinde yasetyenziselwa i-eco friendly litchi lychee embossed 1.2mm PU microfiber ngesikhumba sesofa isitulo semoto izingxobo zefanitshala
1. Amagqabantshintshi ngofele olunamatye
Isikhumba se-Litchi luhlobo lwesikhumba sesilwanyana esinyangwayo esinokwakheka kwe-lychee eyodwa kumphezulu wayo kunye nokuthambileyo nokuthambileyo.Isikhumba se-Litchi asinayo inkangeleko entle kuphela, kodwa sinomgangatho ogqwesileyo kwaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yesikhumba ephezulu, iibhegi, izihlangu kunye nezinye iimveliso.
Izinto zesikhumba esinamatye
Izinto ezenziwe ngesikhumba esinamatye kakhulu zisuka kwisikhumba sesilwanyana esifana nofele lwenkomo kunye nelebhokhwe.Emva kokucutshungulwa, ezi zikhumba zezilwanyana zihamba ngokulandelelana kwamanyathelo okulungisa ekugqibeleni zenze izinto zesikhumba kunye ne-lychee textures.
3. Itekhnoloji yokulungiswa kwesikhumba esinamatye
Itekhnoloji yokucubungula yesikhumba esinamatye ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye yahlulwe ngokubanzi ngamanyathelo alandelayo:
1. Ukuxobula: Khulula umphezulu kunye nezihlunu ezingaphantsi zesikhumba sesilwanyana, ugcine umaleko wenyama ophakathi ukwenza imathiriyeli ekrwada yesikhumba.
2. Ukwenza ulusu: ukufunxa izinto zolusu kwiikhemikhali ukuze zithambe kwaye zingagugi.
3. Ukugudisa: Ufele olusukiweyo luyachetywa kwaye lube mcaba ukwenza imiphetho nemigangatho emcaba.
4. Ukufaka imibala: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza unyango lokudaya ukuze uluguqule lube ngumbala ofunekayo.
5. Ukukrola: Sebenzisa oomatshini okanye izixhobo zesandla ukukrola iipateni ezifana nemigca yelychee kumphezulu wesikhumba.
4. Izinto ezilungileyo zesikhumba esinamatye
Isikhumba esinamantyana sinokuluncedo lulandelayo:
1. Ubume obuyingqayizivele: Umphezulu wesikhumba we-litchi unokwakheka kwendalo, kwaye iqhekeza ngalinye lesikhumba lihlukile, ngoko lihlobisa kakhulu kwaye lihlobisa.
2. Ubume obuthambileyo: Emva kolusu kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokusetyenzwa, ulusu olunamahlalutye luthambile, luyaphefumla, kwaye lunwebeka, kwaye lunokulingana ngokwendalo umzimba okanye umphezulu wezinto.
3. Ukomelela okulungileyo: Inkqubo yolusu kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula yesikhumba esinamatye siqinisekisa ukuba sineempawu ezibalaseleyo ezifana nokunganyangeki, ukuxhathisa amabala, kunye nokukhusela amanzi, kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo bude.
5. Isishwankathelo
Isikhumba se-Litchi yimathiriyeli yesikhumba ekumgangatho ophezulu enokwakheka okukhethekileyo kunye nomgangatho obalaseleyo.Kwimveliso yesikhumba esiphezulu kunye nezinye iimveliso, ufele olunamatye lusetyenziswa kakhulu. -
IFauxc Silicone Synthesis vinyl nappa Isikhumba sokwenza i-DIY Sofa/Incwadana/ izihlangu/iHandbag
Isikhumba seNapa senziwe ngesikhumba senkomo esisulungekileyo, esenziwe ngesikhumba senkozo yenkunzi yenkomo, sintwentwe nge-ajenti yokushukwa kwemifuno kunye netyuwa ye-alum.Isikhumba seNappa sithambile kakhulu kwaye sibhalwe, kwaye umphezulu wayo ubuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ufumile xa ubamba.Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iimveliso zesihlangu kunye neengxowa okanye iimpahla zesikhumba eziphezulu, ezifana neendawo zangaphakathi zeemoto eziphezulu, iisofa eziphezulu, njl njl. ukhululekile ukuhlala kwaye unemvakalelo yokuguquguquka.
Isikhumba saseNappa sithandwa kakhulu kwizihlalo zeemoto.Inesitayile kwaye inobuhle, singasathethi ke ntofontofo kwaye yomelele.Ke ngoko, abaninzi abathengisi beemoto abanikela ingqalelo enkulu kumgangatho wangaphakathi baya kuyamkela.Izihlalo zesikhumba zeNappa kulula ukuzicoca ngenxa yenkqubo yazo yokudaya kunye nenkangeleko ecacileyo yedyasi.Uthuli alusulwa ngokulula nje, alufunxa amanzi okanye ulwelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye lunokucocwa ngokusula umphezulu ngoko nangoko.Ukongeza, kwaye ngokubalulekileyo, ikwayi-hypoallergenic.
Isikhumba seNapa sazalwa okokuqala ngo-1875 kwiNkampani yeSawyer Tannery eNapa, eCalifornia, eU.SA.Isikhumba seNapa asiguquguqukiyo okanye sitshintshwe kancinane ngesikhumba sethole okanye amatakane adityaniswe yimifuno kunye neetyuwa ze-alum.Inkqubo yokuvelisa isondele kwimveliso yendalo ecocekileyo, engenavumba kunye nokukhathazeka okubangelwa yimveliso yeekhemikhali.Ke ngoko, umaleko wokuqala othambileyo nothambileyo wolusu lokwenyani oveliswe yinkqubo yolusu yaseNappa ubizwa ngokuba yiNappa yesikhumba (Nappa), kwaye le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yolusu yaseNappa. -
Ihowuseyile yenkomo egqutywe ngethwathwa yenappa microfiber yefanitshala kunye nesigqubuthelo sesofa
Isikhumba seNapa senziwe ngesikhumba senkomo esisulungekileyo, esenziwe ngesikhumba senkozo yenkunzi yenkomo, sintwentwe nge-ajenti yokushukwa kwemifuno kunye netyuwa ye-alum.Isikhumba seNappa sithambile kakhulu kwaye sibhalwe, kwaye umphezulu wayo ubuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ufumile xa ubamba.Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iimveliso zesihlangu kunye neengxowa okanye iimpahla zesikhumba eziphezulu, ezifana neendawo zangaphakathi zeemoto eziphezulu, iisofa eziphezulu, njl njl. ukhululekile ukuhlala kwaye unemvakalelo yokuguquguquka.
Isikhumba saseNappa sithandwa kakhulu kwizihlalo zeemoto.Inesitayile kwaye inobuhle, singasathethi ke ntofontofo kwaye yomelele.Ke ngoko, abaninzi abathengisi beemoto abanikela ingqalelo enkulu kumgangatho wangaphakathi baya kuyamkela.Izihlalo zesikhumba zeNappa kulula ukuzicoca ngenxa yenkqubo yazo yokudaya kunye nenkangeleko ecacileyo yedyasi.Uthuli alusulwa ngokulula nje, alufunxa amanzi okanye ulwelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye lunokucocwa ngokusula umphezulu ngoko nangoko.Ukongeza, kwaye ngokubalulekileyo, ikwayi-hypoallergenic.
Isikhumba seNapa sazalwa okokuqala ngo-1875 kwiNkampani yeSawyer Tannery eNapa, eCalifornia, eU.SA.Isikhumba seNapa asiguquguqukiyo okanye sitshintshwe kancinane ngesikhumba sethole okanye amatakane adityaniswe yimifuno kunye neetyuwa ze-alum.Inkqubo yokuvelisa isondele kwimveliso yendalo ecocekileyo, engenavumba kunye nokukhathazeka okubangelwa yimveliso yeekhemikhali.Ke ngoko, umaleko wokuqala othambileyo nothambileyo wolusu lokwenyani oveliswe yinkqubo yolusu yaseNappa ubizwa ngokuba yiNappa yesikhumba (Nappa), kwaye le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yolusu yaseNappa. -
umgangatho ophezulu wezinto zangaphakathi zemoto ezigqunywe nge-microfiber synthetic iimveliso zesikhumba zefanitshala yezihlangu
I-Microfiber synthetic leather, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-second-layer yesikhumba senkomo, ibhekisa kwizinto ezenziwe ngezilahlwa zoqweqwe lokuqala lwesikhumba senkomo, i-nylon microfiber kunye ne-polyurethane ngokomlinganiselo othile.Inkqubo yokucubungula kukuqala ukutyumza kunye nokuxuba izinto eziluhlaza ukwenza i-slurry yesikhumba, emva koko sebenzisa i-calendering yomatshini ukwenza "i-skin embryo", kwaye ekugqibeleni igubungele ngefilimu ye-PU.
Iimpawu ze-superfiber synthetic yesikhumba
Ilaphu elisisiseko lesikhumba sokwenziwa kwe-microfiber lenziwe nge-microfiber, ngoko inokuqina okungcono, amandla aphezulu, ukuziva okuthambileyo, ukuphefumla okungcono, kunye neempawu zayo zomzimba zingcono kakhulu kunesikhumba sendalo.
Ukongeza, inokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo kwaye isebenzise ngokupheleleyo izixhobo ezingezizo ezendalo. -
Isitulo seMoto sesithuthuthu Isigqubuthelo sevili lokuqhuba imoto ngesikhumba Faux PVC PU Abrasion Resistant Perforated Synthetic Leather Fabric
Izibonelelo zesikhumba sokwenziwa kweemoto ezinemingxuma ikakhulu zibandakanya ubuhlobo bayo bokusingqongileyo, uqoqosho, ukuqina, ukuguquguquka kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zomzimba.
1. Ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo: Xa kuthelekiswa nesikhumba sesilwanyana, inkqubo yokuveliswa kwesikhumba sokwenziwa inempembelelo encinci kwizilwanyana kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye isebenzisa inkqubo yokuvelisa i-solvent-free.Amanzi kunye negesi eveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa inokuphinda isetyenziswe okanye iphathwe ngendlela ehambelana nokusingqongileyo., ukuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwayo kokusingqongileyo.
2. Uqoqosho: Isikhumba sokwenziwa sishibhile kunesikhumba sangempela kwaye sifanelekile kwimveliso yobuninzi kunye nesicelo esibanzi, esibonelela abavelisi beemoto ngenketho engabizi kakhulu.
3. Ukuqina: Inokumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu kunye namandla kwaye inokumelana nokugqoka kwansuku zonke kunye nokusetyenziswa, oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba sokwenziwa kwizinto zangaphakathi zeemoto kunokubonelela ngokuhlala ixesha elide.
4. Ukwahluka: Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkangeleko yesikhumba kunye nokwenziwa kwesikhumba kunokulinganiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugquma, ukuprintwa kunye nokuthungwa konyango, ukubonelela ngeendawo ezintsha kunye namathuba oyilo lwangaphakathi lwemoto.
5. Iimpawu zomzimba ezigqwesileyo: kubandakanywa ukuxhathisa i-hydrolysis, ukumelana nokuguga, ukuxhathisa i-yellowing, ukumelana nokukhanya kunye nezinye iimpawu.Ezi zakhiwo zenza ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba sokwenziwa kwizinto zangaphakathi zeemoto ukubonelela ngokuzinzileyo kunye nobuhle.
Isishwankathelo, i-perforated automotive synthetic leather ayinayo nje inzuzo ecacileyo malunga neendleko, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukuqina kunye nokwahluka koyilo, kodwa iipropathi zayo ezigqwesileyo zomzimba zikwaqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo okubanzi kunye nokuthandwa kwibala lezinto zangaphakathi zeemoto. -
Isitampu esishushu Ukutshintsha Umbala weLychee ngesikhumba sePU Synthetic Isikhumba seFaux sokwenza iShell yefowuni/Inqaku lencwadi kunye nebhokisi.
Isikhumba seLychee lukhetho lokuqala kubantu abaninzi ukuthenga iingxowa.Enyanisweni, isikhumba se-lychee luhlobo lwesikhumba senkomo.Ithiywe ngegama lenkozo eyomeleleyo kumphezulu kunye nokwakheka kwesikhumba se-lychee.
Imvakalelo yesikhumba se-lychee ithambile kwaye inomzimba oqinileyo wesikhumba senkomo.Nabantu abangakuthandiyo ukuthenga iibhegi baya kucinga ukuba ukuthungwa kwale bhegi kukhangeleka kulungile.
Ukugcinwa kweLychee yesikhumba.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukugcinwa, ngoko akufuneki ube nexhala malunga nokungena kuyo ukuze uyisebenzise yonke imihla.
Imiba yokugcinwa kwesikhumba seLychee.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki ngokugcinwa kwesikhumba se-lychee.Ukuba isikhwama esinzima se-lychee sesikhumba sigcinwe ngokungafanelekanga, amacala ngokuqinisekileyo aya kudilika.Ke ngoko, wonke umntu kufuneka asebenzise i-filler ukuxhasa ibhegi ngaphambi kokuba ayiqokelele ukunqanda ukuba ibhegi ingakhubazeki. -
Ivenkile ethengisa ilaphu lemibuko ecwebezelayo PU Nappa faux yethwathwa yeengxowa eziphathwayo izihlangu iibhegi zesikhumba ezihlaziyiweyo
Isikhumba seNappa silusu oluphezulu, oluqhelekileyo lwenziwe nge-polyurethane okanye i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC).Iphathwe ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuba nomphezulu ogudileyo, othambileyo, uziva ukhululekile ngesandla, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, ukucocwa lula kunye nokuqina, kwaye kuncinci.Enye indlela esezantsi kunye neyoqoqosho ngakumbi.
Isikhumba sokwenyani senziwe ngofele lwesilwanyana ngokusukwa nezinye iinkqubo.Ubume besikhumba sokwenyani buthambile ngokwendalo kwaye bunokuphefumla okugqwesileyo kunye nokuthuthuzela.Ihlala ixesha elide kwaye iya kuvelisa umphumo wokuguga wendalo oyingqayizivele ekuhambeni kwexesha, okwenza kube yinto ehlala ixesha elide.Ubume bunobuhle ngakumbi.
Isikhumba sangempela sidla ngokubiza kakhulu ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesikhumba sendalo.
Ezi zinto zimbini zihluke ngokwembonakalo, ukusebenza kunye nexabiso.Isikhumba se-Nappa sihlala sincinci, kulula ukuyigcina kwaye ifikeleleke ngakumbi, ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke, ngelixa isikhumba sangempela sihlala sihlala, sinokwakheka kwendalo kunye nokuvakalelwa okuphezulu, kodwa kubiza kakhulu.Kwaye ifuna ulondolozo olungakumbi.
Ngoku makhe sijonge nzulu kwiimpawu kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezi zinto zimbini: Isikhumba seNappa, njengesikhumba sokwenziwa, ikakhulu senziwe nge-polyurethane okanye i-polyvinyl chloride.Inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa ilula, ngokugubungela izinto zokwenziwa kwiilaphu, emva koko idayiwe kwaye igxininiswe, ibangele imbonakalo egudileyo, ethambileyo. -
Ilaphu lendalo le-cork elinganyangekiyo linamalaphu ancamathelayo kwizihlangu zabasetyhini kunye neebhegi
Iinzuzo ezithile zokusebenza kwesikhumba se-cork zezi:
❖IVegan: Nangona ufele lwesilwanyana luveliswa kushishino lwenyama, olu thwathwa luphuma kwizikhumba zezilwanyana.Ufele lwecork lusekelwe kwisityalo ngokupheleleyo.
❖Ukuxotyulwa kwamaxolo kuluncedo ekukhuleni ngokutsha: Idatha ibonisa ukuba umlinganiselo wekharbon diokside efunxa ngumthi we-cork oak oxotyulwe waze waphinda wahluma uphindwe kahlanu kunomthi we-cork oak ongekaxotyulwa.
❖Imichiza embalwa: Inkqubo yokusukwa kwesikhumba sesilwanyana ifuna ukuba kusetyenziswe imichiza engcolisayo.Isikhumba semifuno, kwelinye icala, sisebenzisa imichiza embalwa.Ngoko ke, sinokukhetha ukwenza isikhumba se-cork esihambelana nokusingqongileyo.
❖Ubunzima obukhaphukhaphu: Olunye uncedo oluphambili lwesikhumba sesikhwebu kukukhanya kunye nokukhaphukhaphu kwaso, kwaye enye yeemfuneko zofele ezidla ngokusetyenziswa xa kusenziwa iimpahla kukukhanya.
❖Ugutyulo nokuba bhetyebhetye: Ufele lwecork lubhetyebhetye kwaye lubhityile, lunika isakhono sokusikwa lula.Ngaphezu koko, inokuqulunqwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifanayo zokuvelisa njengamalaphu aqhelekileyo.
❖Usetyenziso olutyebileyo: Isikhumba seCork sineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthungwa kunye nemibala onokukhetha kuyo, enokulungela izimbo zoyilo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, isikhumba se-cork yi-premium yesikhumba ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nezinto ezininzi.Nokuba bubucwebe kunye nesinxibo kwishishini lefashoni, icandelo leemoto, okanye icandelo lokwakha, liyathandwa kwaye lisetyenziswa luphawu oluninzi. -
Izinto ezintsha ze-silicone yesikhumba se-microfiber yefenitshala yesitulo sesofa yefenitshala
Isikhumba se-silicone microfiber yimathiriyeli eyenziwe nge-silicone polymers.Izithako zayo ezisisiseko ziquka i-polydimethylsiloxane, i-polymethylsiloxane, i-polystyrene, ilaphu le-nylon, i-polypropylene, njl. Ezi zixhobo zixutywe kwi-silicone yesikhumba se-microfiber ngokusebenzisa iikhemikhali.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba se-silicone microfiber
1. Ikhaya langoku: Ufele lwe-silicone oluphezulu lunokusetyenziswa ukwenza iisofa, izitulo, oomatrasi kunye nenye ifanitshala.Ineempawu zokuphefumla ngamandla, ukugcinwa lula, kunye nenkangeleko entle.
2. Umhombiso wangaphakathi wemoto: I-silicone microfiber yesikhumba ingathatha indawo yesikhumba sendalo yendalo kwaye isetyenziswe kwizihlalo zemoto, iikhava zokuqhuba, njl.
3. Impahla, izihlangu kunye neebhegi: Ufele lwe-silicone oluphezulu lunokusetyenziswa ukwenza iimpahla, iibhegi, izihlangu, njalo njalo.
Ukushwankathela, isikhumba se-silicone se-microfiber sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokwenziwa.Ukubunjwa kwayo, inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neenkalo zesicelo zihlala ziphuculwa kwaye ziphuhliswa, kwaye kuya kuba neendawo ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo. -
Umgangatho ophezulu wePearl Light Lychee Grain Synthetic Leather PU yesikhumba kwibhegi kunye nesigqubuthelo
Iimathiriyeli zesikhumba ezenziweyo ezenziweyo
Isikhumba sePU sisixhobo sesikhumba esifanisiweyo esine-polyurethane.
E-China, abantu bajwayele ukubiza isikhumba sokwenziwa esiveliswe nge-PU resin njengento eluhlaza ye-PU yesikhumba sokufakelwa (i-PU yesikhumba emfutshane);ngelixa ezo ziveliswa nge-PU resin kunye namalaphu angalukwanga njengezinto ezikrwada zibizwa ngokuba yi-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa (isikhumba sokwenziwa ngokufutshane).Esi sixhobo asilosikhumba sokwenziwa esifakwe ngeplastiki ukuze sifezekise ukuthamba ngokwemveli, kodwa sinothambileyo ngokwawo.Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweengxowa, iimpahla, izihlangu, njl njl. Inkangeleko yayo kunye nokuthungwa kwayo kufana kakhulu nesikhumba sokwenyani, kwaye inokuthi ifaniswe okanye ibhetele kunesikhumba sendalo kwezinye iinkalo ezifana nokunxiba kunye nokuphefumla.Isikhumba se-PU sodidi oluphezulu siya kugqunywa nge-PU resin kumphezulu wesikhumba senkomo ezinomaleko-mbini ukwandisa ngakumbi ukuqina nobuhle baso. -
Iinkozo ze-litchi eco-friendly embossed PU faux yesikhumba kwizihlangu izihlangu iibhegi notebook notebook recycled yesikhumba
Ipateni yesikhumba eprintiweyo kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokwenziwa kwesikhumba libizwa ngokuba yi-litchi pattern.Kukufaniswa kwemibimbi yesikhumba kwaye kunokwenza ulusu lubukeke ngakumbi "njengesikhumba sangempela".Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukulungisa umonakalo wokuqala wolusu kwaye wenze umaleko wesibini wolusu..
Inkcazo yepateni ye-litchi
Ipateni ye-Litchi ibhekiselele kwipateni yesikhumba eprintiweyo emva kokulungiswa kwesikhumba.Nokuba ngumaleko wokuqala okanye owesibini wesikhumba, ukumila kwawo kwendalo akunangqalutye.
Injongo yepateni ye-litchi
Ipateni ye-Litchi yesikhumba ibonakala nje kuba ilinganisa imibimbi yolusu.Oku kuthungwa kunokwenza ulusu, ngakumbi ufele olucandiweyo, lubukeke njengesikhumba.
Ukulungiswa kwesikhumba se-scalp
Inani elikhulu lezikhumba ze-scalp ezonakalisiweyo zalungiswa ukuze zivale iimpawu zokulungisa.Ukushicilela iphethini ye-litchi yindlela eqhelekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba se-scalp
Nangona kunjalo, kowona mgangatho wesikhumba wokuqala, kuba sele unesiphumo esihle kakhulu se-facade, ayifane iprintwe ngamatye anqabileyo.
Isikhumba somaleko wesibini kunye nesiphene solusu oluphezulu
Ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sokwenyani, ufele lwe-lychee ludla ngokwenziwa ngofele lwesibini kunye nokulungiswa kwesikhumba esineziphene.